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Mokhoa oa ho etsa carbon fiber?

MOKHOA OA HO ETSA CARBON FIBER?

Fiber ea carbon, e entsoeng ka li-combos tse sa rateheng (fiber le resin), ho fetoha ha tsona, 'me kahoo, ho khoneha, lisekoere tse bohareng ba botle ba tsona. E le sebaka sa tšepe, metsoako ea carbon faeba e fana ka matla a tšepe ka makhetlo a leshome. Bahlahisi ba fiber ea carbon ba etsa sehlahisoa se nang le lisekoere tse lekanang empa li sa tšoane. Carbon fiber e fapana ka modulus e tsitsitseng (kapa ho satalla ho khethoa e le deformation ka tlase ho khatello) le ho tsieleha, khatello le matla a mokhathala.

Iteanye le rona

PAN-based carbon fiber e fumaneha matsatsing ana ka modulus e tlase (tlase ho limilione tse mashome a mararo a metso e 'meli lbf/in² kapa Msi), modulus ea setso (33 ho isa ho mashome a mararo a metso e tšeletseng Msi), modulus ea mahareng (40 ho isa ho mashome a mahlano Msi), modulus e phahameng (Msi 50 ho isa ho mashome a supileng) le ultrahigh modulus bakeng sa lekholo la Msi tse mashome a supileng ho isa ho a le mong).
Ka mantsoe a bonolo, faeba ea khabone e hlahisoa ke phetoho ea degree ea organic precursor fiber ka har'a sepakapaka sa "inert" sa "associate degree" mocheso o fetang 1800 ° F (982.22 ° C). Leha ho le joalo, tlhahiso ea fiber ea carbon e ka ba khoebo e tsoetseng pele.

carbon fiber

Polymerization le ho ohla

Polymerization

Ts'ebetso e qala ka phepelo ea motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale e bitsoang selelekela se nang le mokokotlo oa limolek'hule oa fiber. Kajeno, hoo e ka bang karolo ea 100 lekholong ea carbon fiber e entsoeng e entsoe ka lesela kapa li-precursors tse thehiloeng ho sekontiri, leha ho le joalo boholo ba tsona bo tsoa ho polyacrylonitrile (PAN), e entsoeng ka nitrite, le nitrite e tsoa ho lik'hemik'hale tsa indasteri tsa propane le ammonia.

Bala haholoanyane
Ka tloaelo, sebopeho sa precursor se qala ka "associate degree nit rile compound" e kopantsoeng ka "reactor" e nang le polasetiki e entsoeng ka acrylic co monomer le ntho e kang acid, dioxide, oli ea vitriol kapa acid. Ho kopanya ho tsoelang pele ho lumella metsoako ho kopana, ho etsa hore ho be le botsitso le bohloeki, le ho qala ho thehoa ha li-radicals tsa mahala ka har'a sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa nitrite. Phetoho ena e fella ka ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, e hlahisang li-polymer tse telele tsa ketane tse nang le li-acrylic fibers.Details tsa ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, joalo ka mocheso, sepakapaka, li-co monomers tse khethehileng le li-catalysts, square measure proprietary. Kamora ho hlatsuoa le ho omisoa, nitrite e ka har'a mofuta oa phofo e qhibiliha ka tekanyo e amanang le organic solvent joalo ka dim ethyl sulfide (DMSO), dimethylacetamide (DMAC) kapa dimethylformamide (DMF), kapa associate degree liquid solvent, joalo ka nomoro ea atomic chloride 30 le letsoai la rhodamine. Li-solvents tsa organic li thusa ho qoba ts'ilafalo ea likaroloana tsa tšepe, tse ka 'nang tsa senya botsitso ba mocheso oa aerophilous ea mokhoa le ho liehisa ts'ebetso ea mocheso oa fiber e felileng. Nakong ena, ho emisoa ha phofo le solvent kapa precursor "coating" ke ho lumellana ha sirapo. Khetho ea solvent mme ka hona tekanyo ea taolo ea bokhopo ba ho roala (ka ho hloekisoa ka botebo) tekanyo ea lisekoere ea bohlokoa ho katleho ea mohato o latellanang oa sebopeho sa fiber.
Ho ohla
PAN fibers square measure e entsoeng ka mokhoa o bitsoang wet spinning. Ho qoelisoa ho qoelisoa ka har'a bate ea mokelikeli ea tlhaho 'me e ntšetsoa ka sekoting nakong ea spinneret e entsoeng ka bohlokoa. Phallo e tsamaisana le mefuta e fapaneng e hlokahalang ea likhoele tsa PAN fiber (mohlala, masoba a 12,000 a 12K carbon fiber). Fiber ena e teteaneng le e brittle e otlolohileng e huloa ka rolara ho tlosa ntho e feteletseng, ebe e omisoa le ho otlolloa ho ntšetsa pele mokhoa oa motsoako oa PAN. Mona, sebopeho le ka hare ho cross-sectional ea filaments lisekoere tekanyo e khethoa ke tekanyo eo solvent le moemeli a phunyeletse le likhoele precursor, bongata ba tsitsipano sebelisoa, hammoho le pc elongation ea filaments. Ea morao ke ea mohlahisi e mong le e mong. Mokhoa o mong ho fapana le ho ohia ka metsi e ka ba mokhoa oa motsoako o bitsoang dry blasting/wet spinning, o sebelisang lekhalo le otlolohileng la moea lipakeng tsa likhoele le bate ea ts'ebetso ea tlhaho. Sena se lebisa ho spherical spherical PAN fiber e ntlafatsang sebopeho sa fiber / matrix rosin ka har'a motsoako Mohato oa ho qetela ka har'a ho thehoa ha likhoele tsa pele tsa PAN ke hore tšebeliso ea oli ea ho qetela ho emisa li-viscous filaments ho tloha agglomerating. Thepa e tšoeu ea PAN fibers square measure e ntan'o omisoa hape 'me e behoa holim'a spool.
onto ea carbon fiber oxidation

Oxidation le Carbonization

Oxidation

Li-bobbins square measurement tsena li kentsoe ka basketeng, 'me nakong ea tlhahiso e telele ka ho fetisisa, sethaleng sa oxidization, PAN fibers square measure e fepeloa ka letoto la libopi tse inehetseng. Pele ba kena ka kichineng ea mantlha, li-fibers tsa PAN li etsa lisekoere tsa lisekoere ka har'a tow kapa lakane e bitsoang warp. Mocheso oa kamore o tloha ho 392 °F (hoo e ka bang 200 °C) ho ea ho 572 °F (300 degrees Celsius).

Bala haholoanyane
E le ho qoba ho senya mocheso (e hakantsoeng enthalpy unharness ho pholletsa le oxidization, e ka baloang ho 2,000 kJ / kilogram, falla The true fireplace Hazard), baetsi ba lisebelisoa tsa kichineng ba sebelisa phallo ea mekhoa ea moea ho thusa ho felisa mocheso le mocheso oa tsamaiso. E tsamaisoa ke k'hemik'hale e itseng ea selelekela, nako ea oxidization e fapane ka ho felletseng, leha ho le joalo Littler o hakanya hore tow ea 24K e tla fetoloa ka sekhahla sa maoto a mashome a mane a metso e meraro ka limithara tse leshome le metso e meraro ka motsotso moleng o moholo o nang le libopi tse ngata tsa oxidization. Qetellong, li-alter (tse tsitsitseng) li-PAN fibers li na le limolek'hule tsa k'habone tse ka bang makholo a mahlano ho isa ho tse mashome a tšeletseng a metso e mehlano, 'me tekanyo e le khase, motsoako oa nomoro ea 7 le O.
Carbonization
Carbonization e etsahala nakong ea moea o sa sebetseng (o se nang oksijene) letotong la libopi tse entsoeng ka mokhoa o ikhethileng, mohato ka mohato ho eketsa mocheso oa tšebetso. Sebakeng sa metsi le phaposi ea kamore e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe, kamore ea ntlafatso e thibela ho kenella ha O ka lebaka la molek'hule e' ngoe le e 'ngoe ea O e fetang ka har'a sesebelisoa sa kichineng e tlosa likhoele tse nyane. Sena se ka thibela tahlehelo ea khabone e hlahisoang mochesong o joalo. Nakong ea ho ba sieo ha O, limolek'hule tseo e seng tsa carbon feela, hammoho le motsoako Le metsoako e fapaneng e sa tsitsang ea lintho tse phelang (tse tsitsitseng ka tekanyo ea tekanyo ea mashome a mane ho isa ho mashome a robeli ppm) le likaroloana (tse kang likaroloana tsa fiber tse kentsoeng ka mokhoa o itseng) lia tlosoa 'me Ho ntšoa ka kichineng sesebelisoa bakeng sa phekolo ea morao-rao ka sebōping se laoloang ke tikoloho. carbonisation e qala nakong ea kamore ea mocheso, fetisetsa likhoele ho 1292 ° F (hoo e ka bang 700 ° C) ho 1472 ° F (700 ° C ho 800 ° C) 'me e fela nakong ea kamore ea mocheso ho 2192 °F (hoo e ka bang 1,200 °C) ho 2732 °F (hoo e ka bang 0 ° C 1,5). 1500 ° C). Palo ea likamore e khethoa ke modulus e hlokahalang ka har'a fiber ea carbon; theko e phahameng ha e bapisoa ea likhoele tse phahameng le tse sa leka-lekaneng tse phahameng tsa modulus carbon fibers li bakoa ke karolo e itseng ea ho tsoelapele le mocheso o tlamehang ho finyelloa ke sebopi sa mocheso. le hoja tsoelo-pele e le ea mong'a 'me kereiti e' ngoe le e 'ngoe ea carbon fiber e fapane ka ho feletseng, tsoelo-pele ea oxidization e baloa ka lihora, leha ho le joalo sekhahla sa carbonisation se fokotseha ka taelo ea boholo ka metsotso. Hang ha fiber e fetoha boemo, e fokotsa boima ba 'mele le molumo, e khutsufatsa bolelele ka 5-100%,' me e fokotsa bophara. Ha e le hantle, the conversion quantitative relation of the PAN precursor to PAN carbon fiber e mabapi le 2:1 hape the displace ability ke chelete e nyane ho feta para ea - ke hore, lintho tse ngata tse fokolang li kena mokhoa. Sena se tla eketsa bongata ba fiber ho tloha ~ 1.18 g / cc ho fihla ho 1.38 g / cc.
Carbonization ea carbon fiber

Phekolo ea bokaholimo le boholo

Phekolo ea bokaholimo le boholo
Mohato o latelang ke oa bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea fiber, 'me ho phaella ho li-precursors, e khetholla hantle sehlahisoa sa morekisi a le mong ho sehlahisoa sa bahlolisani. Ho khomarela pakeng tsa motsoako oa motsoako oa matrix 'me kahoo likhoele tsa carbon li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho matlafatsa motsoako; ho pholletsa le mokhoa oa ho hlahisa carbon fiber, phekolo ea holim'a metsi e etsoa ho matlafatsa sekhomaretsi sena.

Bala haholoanyane
Bahlahisi ba sebelisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea kalafo, leha ho le joalo mokhoa o tloaelehileng ke ho hula likhoele ka k'hemistri e amanang le eona kapa sele e nang le karabo, joalo ka sebolaea likokoana-hloko kapa asiti. Lisebelisoa tsena li hatisa kapa li fetola bokaholimo ba khoele e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe, e leng se tla eketsa sebaka se fihlellehang bakeng sa khokahanyo ea fiber / matrix le ho eketsa lihlopha tsa lik'hemik'hale tse sebetsang joalo ka carboxyl acid. Ka mor'a moo, sebelisa seaparo se nang le thepa se tsejoang ka hore ke saese. Ho 0.5% ho isa ho tse hlano ka boima ba carbon faeba, boholo bo sireletsa likhoele tsa khabone hore e be mofuta oa mahareng, joalo ka lesela le omeletseng le prepreg, ho pholletsa le ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso (mohlala, ho loha). Boholo bo boetse bo ts'oara li-filaments tsa mono ho fokotsa fluff, ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ts'ebetso le ho eketsa matla a ho kuta pakeng tsa likhoele ka hona motsoako oa matrix.
Nako ea poso: Nov-01-2018
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