UYENZA NJANI IIFAYIBHA YEKHABHNINI?

Ifayibha yeCarbon, eyenziwe ngee-combos ezingafaniyo nemathiriyeli (ifayibha kunye ne-resin), ukuguquguquka kwazo, kwaye ke, ukulungelelaniswa, umlinganiselo wesikweri osembindini womtsalane wabo. Njengokutshintshwa kwesinyithi, i-carbon fiber composites inikezela ngokuphindwe kalishumi amandla entsimbi. Abavelisi beCarbon fiber benza imveliso enomlinganiselo osisikweri ofanayo kodwa awufani. Ifayibha yeCarbon iyahluka kwimodyuli yokuqina (okanye ukuqina okugqitywe njengotshintsho olungaphantsi koxinzelelo) kunye nokuqina, uxinzelelo kunye namandla okudinwa.

Qhagamshelana nathi

I-PAN-based carbon fiber ifumaneka kule mihla kwimodyuli ephantsi (ngaphantsi kwezigidi ezingamashumi amathathu anesibini ze-lbf/in² okanye i-Msi), imodyuli yesiko (33 ukuya kumashumi amathathu anesithandathu uMsi), imodyuli ephakathi (40 ukuya kumashumi amahlanu Msi), imodyuli ephezulu (50 ukuya kumashumi asixhenxe eMsi) kunye nemodyuli ye-ultrahigh ngekhulu (70 ukuya kwikhulu leMsi).
Ngamagama alula, ifayibha yekhabhoni yenziwa ngokutshintsha kwe-associate degree organic precursor fiber kwi-associate degree inert atmosphere kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-1800°F (982.22 °C). Ukwenziwa kweCarbon fiber, nangona kunjalo, inokuba lishishini eliphambili.

I-Polymerization kunye nokuSpin

Ipolymerization

Inkqubo iqala ngesitokhwe sokutya sekhemikhali esibizwa ngokuba yi-precursor ene-molecular backbone yefiber. Namhlanje, malunga ne-100 yepesenti ye-carbon fiber eyenziwe ngelaphu okanye i-pitch-based precursors, nangona kunjalo uninzi lwayo luvela kwi-polyacrylonitrile (PAN), eyenziwa kwi-nitrite, kunye ne-nitrite ivela kwiikhemikhali zepropane kunye ne-ammonia.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukwakhiwa kwe-precursor kuqala nge-associate degree nit rile compound edityaniswe kwi-reactor ene-plasticized acrylic co monomer kunye ne-catalyst efana ne-asidi, i-dioksidi, i-oyile ye-vitriol okanye i-asidi. Ukudibanisa ngokuqhubekayo kuvumela izithako ukuba zidibanise, zenze ukuhambelana nokucoceka okuthile, kunye nokuqalisa ukubunjwa kwama-radicals amahhala ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-molecular ye-nitrite. Olu tshintsho luphumela kwinkqubo yemichiza, evelisa iipholima zekhonkco elide eziluhlobo lwe-acrylic fibers.Iinkcukacha zenkqubo yemichiza, njengeqondo lobushushu, umoya, ii-co monomers ezithile kunye nee-catalysts, umlinganiselo wesikwere sobunini. Emva kokuhlamba impahla kunye nokomisa, i-nitrite kuhlobo lomgubo lunyibilika kwi-associate degree ye-organic solvent efana ne-dim ethyl sulfide (DMSO), i-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) okanye i-dimethylformamide (DMF), okanye i-degree degree degree liquid solvent, njengenombolo ye-atomic 30 chloride kunye neetyuwa ze-rhodamine. Izinyibilikisi ze-Organic zenza kube lula ukunqanda ungcoliseko lwamasuntswana esinyithi, olunokuthi lonakalise uzinzo lwe-aerophilous ye-thermal yendlela kunye nokulibazisa ukusebenza kobushushu befiber egqityiweyo. Kule nqanaba, i-powder kunye ne-solvent suspension okanye i-precursor "coating" kukuba ukuhambelana kwesiraphu. Ukukhethwa kwesinyibilikisi kwaye ngoko ke iqondo lolawulo lobubi bokwaleka (ngokucoca nzulu) umlinganiselo wesikweri obalulekileyo kwimpumelelo yenqanaba elilandelelanayo lokwenziwa kwefiber.
Ukujikeleza
I-PAN fibers umlinganiselo wesikweri owenziwe ngendlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-wet spinning. I-coating intywiliselwa ngexesha lebhafu yenkqubo yolwelo yendalo kwaye ikhutshwe ngomngxuma ngexesha le-spinneret eyenziwe ngexabiso. Isicatshulwa sihambelana neentlobo ezifunekayo zeefilaments ze-PAN fiber (umzekelo, imingxuma eyi-12,000 ye-12K carbon fiber). Le fayibha engqindilili kunye ne-brittle emanzi ephothiweyo izotywa ngerola ukukhupha i-arhente engaphezulu, emva koko yomiswe kwaye yolulwe ukuqhubeka nokuqhelaniswa nekhompawundi ye-PAN. Apha, ifom kunye ne-cross-sectional yangaphakathi ye-filaments square measure enqunywe ngumlinganiselo wokuba i-solvent ekhethiweyo kunye ne-agent ingena kwi-fibers ye-precursor, ubuninzi be-tension esetyenzisiweyo, kunye nokwandiswa kwe-pc ye-filaments. Le yokugqibela yeyomlimi ngamnye. Enye indlela yokusonta okumanzi inokuba yindlela yokuxuba ebizwa ngokuba kukuqhushumba okomileyo/ukusonta okumanzi, esebenzisa umsantsa womoya othe nkqo phakathi kwemisonto kunye nebhafu yenkqubo yendalo. Oku kukhokelela kwi-fiber e-spherical PAN fiber ephucula i-fiber / matrix rosin interface ngaphakathi kwe-composite Isinyathelo sokugqibela ngaphakathi kokubunjwa kwe-PAN precursor fibers kukuba ukusetyenziswa kweoli yokugqiba ukumisa i-viscous filaments kwi-agglomerating. Iintsinga ezimhlophe zePAN zesikweri somlinganiselo emva koko zomiswa kwakhona kwaye zihlatywe kwi-spool.

I-Oxidation kunye neCarbonization

I-oxidation

Le bobbins square measurement ilayishwe kwibhaskithi, kwaye ngaphakathi kwemveliso inde, inqanaba le-oxidization, i-PAN fibers imilinganiselo yesikwere esondliwa ngothotho lweziko ezinikezelweyo. Phambi kokuba bangene kwisixhobo sokuqala sasekhitshini, iintsinga zePAN zokulinganisa isikwere zibe yintambo okanye ishiti elibizwa ngokuba yi-warp. Ubushushu begumbi busukela kwi-392 °F (ca. 200 °C) ukuya kuma-572 °F (300 degrees Celsius).

Ukunqanda ubushushu obubalekayo (uqikelelo lwe-enthalpy unharness kuyo yonke i-oxidization, ibalwa kwi-2,000 kJ / kilogram, hambisa Ingozi yokwenyani yeendawo zomlilo), abenzi bezixhobo zasekhitshini basebenzisa ukusasazeka kwezitayile zomoya ukunceda ukuphelisa ubushushu nolawulo lobushushu. Iqhutywa yikhemikhali ethile eyandulelayo, ixesha le-oxidization lahluke ngokupheleleyo, nangona kunjalo u-Littler uqikelela ukuba i-24K tow iya kutshintshwa ngesantya esimalunga neemitha ezingamashumi amane anesithathu kwiimitha ezilishumi elinesithathu ngomzuzu kumgca ongaphandle oneziko ezininzi ze-oxidization. Okokugqibela, ialter (izinzisiwe) iintsinga zePAN ziqulathe ukusuka malunga namakhulu amahlanu ukuya malunga namashumi amathandathu anesihlanu eemolekyuli zekhabhoni kunye nebhalansi eyigesi, umxube wenombolo yeatom yesi-7 kunye ne-O.
Ukwenziwa kweCarbonization
I-Carbonization yenzeka ngexesha le-inert (i-oxygen-free) emoyeni kuluhlu lweziko ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa, inyathelo ngamanyathelo okwandisa ubushushu benkqubo. Kumzimba wamanzi kunye nokuphuma kwegumbi ngalinye, igumbi lokuphucula linqanda ukungena kwe-O ngenxa yokuba yonke i-molecule ye-O edlula kwisixhobo sasekhitshini isusa intwana yeentsinga. Oku kunokuthintela ilahleko yekhabhoni eveliswa kubushushu obunjalo. Ngaphakathi kokungabikho kwe-O, iimolekyuli ezingezizo zekhabhoni kuphela, kunye nekhompawundi Kwaye iikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo eziguquguqukayo (zizinziswe kwinqanaba leqondo lamashumi amane ukuya kwamashumi asibhozo ppm) kunye namasuntswana (anjengamaqhekeza efayibha adipozithiweyo ngokuyinxenye) ayasuswa kwaye Akhutshwe kwisixhobo sasekhitshini ukwenzela unyango emva konyango kwiziko elilawulwa ngokusingqongileyo. i-carbonisation iqala ngexesha legumbi lobushushu, idlulisele iintsinga ukuya kwi-1292 ° F (ca. 700 °C) ukuya kwi-1472 °F (700 °C ukuya ku-800 °C) kwaye iphele ngexesha legumbi lobushushu kwi-2192 °F (ca. 1,200 °C) ukuya kwi-2732 °F (ca.00 ° C.5). 1500 ° C). Inani lamagumbi ligqitywe yi-modulus efunekayo ngaphakathi kwe-carbon fiber; ixabiso eliphezulu xa lithelekiswa leentsinga zekhabhoni zemodulus eziphakamileyo nezingaqinanga kubangelwe ngokuyinxenye kuqhubekeko kunye nobushushu obufanele ukuzuzwa ngeziko lobushushu. nangona ukuqhubela phambili kubunikazi kunye nebakala ngalinye le-carbon fiber lihluke ngokupheleleyo, ukuqhubeka kwe-oxidization kubalwa kwiiyure, nangona kunjalo izinga le-carbonisation liyancitshiswa ngomyalelo wobukhulu kwimizuzu. Nje ukuba i-fiber ibe yimeko yokutshintsha, inciphisa ubunzima kunye nomthamo, inciphisa ubude nge-5 ukuya kwi-100%, kwaye inciphisa ububanzi. Enyanisweni, i-conversion quantitative relation ye-PAN precursor ukuya kwi-PAN carbon fiber iphathelene ne-2: 1 kwaye kwakhona i-displace potential yimali encinci kune-pair of - oko kukuthi, izinto ezincinci ezincinci zingena kwindlela. Oku kuya kwandisa ingxinano yefayibha ukusuka ~ 1.18 g / cc ukuya kwi-1.38 g / cc.

Unyango lomphezulu kunye nokulinganisa

Unyango lomphezulu kunye nokulinganisa
Inyathelo elilandelayo libalulekile ekusebenzeni kwefayibha, kwaye ukongeza kwizandulela, iyohlula ngcono imveliso yomthengisi omnye kwimveliso yokhuphiswano. Ukubambelela phakathi kwe-matrix organic compound kwaye ngoko ke iifiber zekhabhoni ziyimfuneko ekuqiniseni i-composite; kuyo yonke indlela yokuvelisa i-carbon fiber, unyango lomphezulu lwenziwa ukunyusa oku kubambelela.

Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-01-2018

Indlela yokwenza i-carbon fiber?

UYENZA NJANI IIFAYIBHA YEKHABHNINI?

I-Polymerization kunye nokuSpin

I-Oxidation kunye neCarbonization

Unyango lomphezulu kunye nokulinganisa