Carbon fiber composite material shine kayan ƙarfafa fiber da aka yi da fiber carbon da guduro, ƙarfe, yumbu da sauran matrix. Saboda nauyinsa mai sauƙi, ƙarfin ƙarfinsa, ƙarfin zafin jiki, da dai sauransu, an yi amfani da shi sosai a sararin samaniya, wasanni da nishaɗi, jirgin kasa mai sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A fannin motoci da aikin injiniya. Carbon fiber composite kayan suna da kyakkyawan juriya na gajiya, juriya na lalata da kyakkyawan aikin gini saboda ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfin ƙarfi, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen ruwa tare da buƙatu na musamman akan kayan kayan. kallo. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, abubuwan haɗin fiber carbon sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gina jirgin ruwa, haɓaka makamashin teku, da gyaran injiniyan ruwa.
1.Aikace-aikace a kan jirgin
Abubuwan haɗin fiber carbon suna da fa'ida ta halitta akan kayan gini na jirgin ruwa na gargajiya. Na farko, carbon fiber composites da kyau inji Properties. An ƙera ƙwanƙwasa tare da halaye na nauyi mai sauƙi da ƙarancin amfani da man fetur, kuma tsarin ginin yana da sauƙi, sake zagayowar yana da gajeren lokaci, kuma gyare-gyaren ya dace, don haka farashin gine-gine da kiyayewa ya fi ƙasa da na jirgin ƙarfe. A lokaci guda kuma, tun da haɗin tsakanin fiber na carbon da resin matrix na iya hana yaduwar fasa, kayan yana da juriya mai kyau; Bugu da kari, saboda rashin inertness sinadari na carbon fiber surface, kwandon yana da halaye da cewa na ruwa kwayoyin yana da wuya ga epiphytic da lalata resistant, wanda shi ne kuma jirgin. Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ke cikin zaɓin kayan aiki. Sabili da haka, kayan haɗin fiber na carbon fiber suna da fa'idodi na musamman a cikin ginin jirgin ruwa, kuma yanzu ana amfani da su sosai a wannan fagen. A lokaci guda, an haɓaka haɓaka masana'antar fiber carbon daga faɗaɗa filin aikace-aikacen.
1.1 Jirgin ruwa na soja
Abubuwan haɗin fiber na carbon suna da kyawawan abubuwan faɗakarwa, maganadisu da lantarki: a bayyane suke, masu iya jujjuya sauti kuma ba su da ƙarfi, don haka ana iya amfani da su don haɓaka aikin satar jiragen ruwa. Yin amfani da kayan haɗin gwiwa a cikin babban tsarin jirgin ba kawai yana rage nauyin ƙwanƙwasa ba, har ma yana watsawa da karɓar raƙuman ruwa na lantarki a ƙayyadaddun mitar da aka ƙayyade ta hanyar ba da kariya ga mitar zaɓin da aka saka a cikin interlayer don kare radar electromagnetic taguwar ruwa na abokan gaba. . Alal misali, jirgin ruwa mai suna "skjold" wanda Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Norway ta gina a 1999 ta yi amfani da sandwich composite wanda ya ƙunshi nau'in kumfa na polyvinyl chloride, gilashin fiber da carbon fiber interlayer. Wannan ƙirar ba wai kawai inganta ƙarfin ƙarfin-nauyi ba, amma har ma yana da tasiri mai kyau. Ayyukan kuma yana haɓaka halayen ƙananan magnetic, anti-infrared da anti-radar scanning. The Swedish Visby-class frigates, wanda aka ba da izini a cikin 2000, duk suna amfani da kayan haɗin fiber carbon fiber, waɗanda ke da ayyuka na musamman na rage nauyi, radar da infrared ninki biyu.
Aiwatar da abubuwan da aka ƙulla na carbon fiber ƙarfafa mats a kan jiragen ruwa ya fito a hankali. Jirgin LPD-17, wanda aka ba da izini a cikin Amurka a cikin 2006, yana amfani da mast ɗin carbon fiber/Balsa core Advanced composite composite mast. Ba kamar ainihin buɗaɗɗen mast ɗin ba, LPD-17 yana amfani da sabon tsarin mast/hankali cikakke. (AEM/S), babban ɓangare na wannan carbon fiber composite mast yana rufe mitar zaɓaɓɓen kayan saman (FSS), yana barin raƙuman ruwa tare da takamaiman mitar su wuce, kuma ƙananan rabin na iya yin nunin radar radar ko kuma a shayar da su ta hanyar abubuwan ɗaukar radar. . Saboda haka, yana da kyakkyawan radar stealth da ayyukan ganowa. Bugu da ƙari, an haɗa eriya daban-daban da kayan aiki iri ɗaya a cikin tsarin, wanda ba shi da sauƙi don lalatawa, kuma ya fi dacewa don kula da kayan aiki. Rundunar Sojan Ruwa ta Turai ta ƙera irin wannan rufaffiyar firikwensin firikwensin da aka yi da fiber na gilashin da aka yi na nanofiber wanda aka haɗa tare da fiber carbon a matsayin ƙarfafawa. Yana ba da damar radar katako daban-daban da siginar sadarwa su wuce ba tare da damuwa da juna ba, kuma asarar ta yi ƙasa sosai. A shekara ta 2006, an yi amfani da wannan mast ATM na fasaha a kan jirgin ruwa na "Royal Ark" na sojojin ruwa na Burtaniya.
Hakanan za'a iya amfani da abubuwan haɗin fiber na carbon a wasu bangarorin jirgin. Alal misali, ana iya amfani da shi azaman tsarin ƙwanƙwasa da ƙwanƙwasa a cikin tsarin motsa jiki don rage tasirin girgizawa da hayaniyar ƙwanƙwasa, kuma ana amfani dashi mafi yawa a cikin jiragen bincike da kuma jiragen ruwa masu sauri. Ana iya amfani da shi azaman jagora a cikin injuna da kayan aiki, wasu na'urori na musamman na inji da tsarin bututu. Bugu da kari, ana kuma amfani da igiyoyin fiber carbon masu karfin gaske a cikin igiyoyin jiragen ruwa na ruwa da sauran kayayyakin soja.
1.2 Jirgin ruwan farar hula
Manyan jiragen ruwa gabaɗaya mallakar sirri ne kuma masu tsada, suna buƙatar nauyi mai nauyi, ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da dorewa. Ana iya amfani da abubuwan haɗin fiber carbon a cikin buƙatun kayan aikin jirgin ruwa da eriya, rudders, da kuma a cikin ingantattun sifofi kamar bene, ɗakuna, da manyan kanan jirgi. Jirgin ruwan na gargajiya na FRP ne aka yi shi, amma saboda rashin isassun tsafta, ƙwanƙolin yakan yi nauyi sosai bayan cika ka'idodin ƙirar ƙira, kuma fiber ɗin gilashin carcinogen ne, wanda a hankali aka dakatar da shi a ƙasashen waje. Matsakaicin abubuwan haɗin fiber carbon da aka yi amfani da su a cikin jiragen ruwa na yau da kullun ya karu sosai, wasu ma sun yi amfani da abubuwan haɗin fiber carbon. Misali, babban jirgin ruwa na Baltic "Panama" jirgin ruwa biyu, ƙugiya da bene suna sandwiched da carbon fiber / epoxy resin fata, Nomex saƙar zuma da CorecellTM tsarin kumfa core, kwandon yana da tsayi 60m. Amma jimlar nauyin 210t ne kawai. Sunreef 80 Levante, catamaran fiber carbon fiber catamaran ya gina ta hanyar Sunreef Yachts na Poland catamaran, yana amfani da vinyl ester resin sandwich composites, PVC kumfa da carbon fiber composites. Haɓaka mast ɗin abubuwan haɗin fiber carbon na al'ada ne, kuma ɓangaren ƙwanƙwasa kawai yana amfani da FRP. . Nauyin da babu kaya shine kawai 45t. Saurin sauri, ƙarancin amfani da man fetur da kyakkyawan aiki.
Jirgin ruwan "Zhongke·Lianya" da aka gina a shekarar 2014 a halin yanzu shi ne jirgin ruwan fiber na Carbon daya tilo a kasar Sin. Jirgin ruwan kore ne da aka yi da haɗin fiber carbon da resin epoxy. Ya fi nauyi 30% fiye da nau'in jirgin ruwan fiberglass iri ɗaya kuma yana da ƙarfi mafi girma, saurin sauri da ƙarancin amfani da mai.
Bugu da kari, igiyoyin jirgin ruwa da igiyoyi suna amfani da igiyoyin fiber carbon masu ƙarfi don tabbatar da tsaro. Tun da fiber fiber na carbon yana da modules mafi girma fiye da na ƙarfe da ƙarfin juzu'i na sau da yawa ko ma sau goma, kuma yana da kayan saƙa na fiber, igiyar fiber carbon ana amfani da shi azaman kayan tushe, wanda zai iya daidaita igiyar waya ta ƙarfe da igiya polymer. Rashin isa.z
2. Aikace-aikace a cikin ci gaban makamashi na ruwa
2.1 Filayen mai da iskar gas na cikin ruwa
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kayan haɗin fiber na carbon fiber sun zama mafi amfani da su a fagen haɓaka mai da iskar gas. Lalacewa a cikin yanayin marine, babban ƙarfi, da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da ke haifar da kwararar ruwa a cikin ƙasa yana sanya ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatu akan juriya na lalata, ƙarfi da kaddarorin gajiya na kayan. Carbon fiber composites suna da fa'ida a bayyane a cikin haske, ɗorewa da hana lalata a cikin haɓakar filayen mai na teku: dandamali mai zurfin ruwa mai zurfin mita 1500 yana da kebul na ƙarfe tare da taro na kusan 6500t, yayin da ƙarancin fiber ɗin carbon fiber ɗin ƙarfe ne na yau da kullun. 1/4, idan an yi amfani da kayan haɗin fiber na carbon fiber don maye gurbin wani ɓangare na karfe, za a rage yawan nauyin nauyin dandalin hakowa, kuma za a sami ceton farashin ginin. Motsi mai maimaitawa na sandar tsotsa zai iya haifar da gajiyar abu cikin sauƙi saboda rashin daidaituwa tsakanin ruwan teku da matsa lamba a cikin bututu. Karyewa, da yin amfani da kayan haɗin fiber na carbon fiber na iya magance wannan matsalar; saboda juriya na lalata yanayin ruwan teku, rayuwar sabis a cikin ruwan teku ya fi tsayi fiye da karfe, kuma zurfin amfani yana da zurfi.
Ana iya amfani da abubuwan haɗin fiber carbon a matsayin samar da rijiyoyin bututu, sanduna masu tsotsa, tankunan ajiya, bututun ruwa na ruwa, benaye, da sauransu a wuraren hako mai. An raba tsarin masana'anta zuwa tsarin pultrusion da tsarin iska mai jika. Ana amfani da ƙwanƙwasa gabaɗaya akan bututu na gama gari da bututu masu haɗawa. Hanyar iska gabaɗaya ana amfani da ita azaman farfajiyar tankin ajiya da jirgin ruwa, kuma ana iya amfani dashi a cikin bututu mai sassauƙa na anisotropic wanda kayan haɗin fiber na carbon fiber ya raunata kuma an shirya shi a wani kusurwa na musamman a cikin layin sulke.
Ci gaba da tsotsa sanda na carbon fiber hadaddun abu ne mai ribbon-kamar tsari kama da fim kuma yana da kyau sassauci. Amurka ce ta samar kuma ta yi amfani da ita a cikin 1990s. An yi shi da fiber carbon a matsayin ƙarfafa fiber da guduro mara kyau a matsayin kayan tushe. Ana samar da shi ta hanyar pultrusion tsarin bayan giciye curing a high zafin jiki. Daga shekara ta 2001 zuwa 2003, kasar Sin ta yi amfani da sandar tsotsa fiber carbon da kuma sandar tsotsa na karfe na yau da kullun a cikin babban filin mai na katako don yin matukin jirgi. Yin amfani da sandar tsotsewar fiber carbon na iya ƙara yawan fitar da mai da rage nauyin injin, wanda ya fi ƙarfin kuzari. Haka kuma, carbon fiber composite sucker sanda ne mafi resistant ga gajiya da lalata juriya fiye da karfe tsotsa sanda, kuma ya fi dacewa da aikace-aikace a cikin ci gaban subsea mai filayen.
2.2 Ikon iska na bakin teku
Yawan albarkatun iskar da ke kan teku muhimmin yanki ne don ci gaba a nan gaba da kuma filin da ya fi ci gaba da bukatar fasahar wutar lantarki. Yankin gabar tekun kasar Sin yana da kusan kilomita 1800 kuma akwai tsibirai sama da 6,000. Yankunan kudu maso gabas da tsibirin suna da wadatar albarkatun iska da sauƙin haɓakawa. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yunƙurin inganta haɓakar haɓakar wutar lantarki a cikin teku ya sami tallafi daga sassan da suka dace. Fiye da kashi 90% na nauyin nauyin wutar lantarki ya ƙunshi kayan haɗin gwiwa. Manyan iskoki a teku da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki sun daure su buƙaci manyan ruwan wukake da ƙayyadaddun ƙarfi da dorewa. Babu shakka, carbon fiber composite kayan iya saduwa da bukatun na bunkasa manyan sikelin, nauyi, high-yi aiki, low-cost ikon samar ruwan wukake, kuma sun fi dace da marine aikace-aikace fiye da gilashin fiber hada kayan.
Abubuwan haɗin fiber carbon suna da fa'ida mai mahimmanci a cikin samar da wutar lantarki ta ruwa. The carbon fiber composite blade yana da ƙananan inganci da tsayin daka, kuma ma'auni shine sau 3 zuwa 8 na samfurin fiber gilashi; zafi yana da girma a ƙarƙashin yanayin ruwa, yanayin yana canzawa, kuma fan yana aiki na sa'o'i 24. Ruwa yana da kyakkyawan juriya na gajiya kuma yana iya tsayayya da mummunan yanayi. Yana inganta aikin aerodynamic na ruwa kuma yana rage nauyin da ke kan hasumiya da axle, don haka ikon fitarwa na fan ya kasance mai santsi kuma ya fi daidaitawa, kuma an inganta ingantaccen makamashi. Ayyukan gudanarwa, ta hanyar ƙira na musamman, na iya guje wa lalacewa ta hanyar walƙiya a kan ruwa; rage farashin masana'anta da sufuri na injin turbin iska; kuma suna da halayen damping vibration.
3.Marine injiniya aikace-aikace
Ana amfani da kayan haɗin fiber carbon a cikin gine-ginen injiniyan ruwa. Suna amfani da halaye na nauyi mai sauƙi, ƙarfin ƙarfi da juriya na lalata, kuma suna maye gurbin kayan gini na ƙarfe na gargajiya a cikin nau'i na tendons da sassa na tsari don magance matsalar tsadar sufuri na zaizayar ruwan teku da sufuri. An yi amfani da shi a cikin gine-ginen tsibirin tsibirin teku, docks, dandamali masu iyo, hasumiyoyi masu haske, da dai sauransu. An fara amfani da kayan aikin carbon fiber don sake dawo da aikin injiniya a cikin 1980s, kuma Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation na Japan ya jagoranci bincike kan kayan aikin injiniya na carbon fiber composites da aikace-aikacen su na ƙarfafa aikin injiniya. Binciken farko da aka mayar da hankali a kai shi ne ƙarfafa ƙarfafa katako na katako ta hanyar amfani da nau'in fiber carbon, wanda daga baya ya samo asali zuwa ƙarfafawa da ƙarfafa aikin injiniyan farar hula daban-daban. Gyaran dandamalin mai da tashar jiragen ruwa ta hanyar hada-hadar fiber carbon wani bangare ne kawai na aikace-aikacen sa. Akwai takardu masu alaƙa da yawa. Yana da kyau a ambaci cewa kamfanin na Amurka DFI ya yi amfani da sandunan fiber carbon don gyara tashar jiragen ruwa na Navy Pearl Harbor. A lokacin, masu fasaha sun yi amfani da sababbin sandunan fiber carbon don gyara ƙarfafawa. Dokin da aka gyara na fiber carbon zai iya jure wa karfe 9t daga tsayin mita 2.5. Ya fadi ba tare da lalacewa ba, kuma tasirin haɓakawa a bayyane yake.
Dangane da aikace-aikacen hada-hadar fiber carbon a cikin injiniyan ruwa, akwai kuma nau'in gyarawa da ƙarfafa bututun ruwa na cikin ruwa ko ginshiƙai. Hanyoyin kulawa na al'ada kamar walda, haɓaka walda, ƙugiya, grouting, da dai sauransu suna da nasu iyakoki, kuma amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin ya fi ƙuntata a cikin yanayin ruwa. Ana yin gyaran gyare-gyaren abubuwan haɗin fiber na carbon da aka yi da kayan aiki masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi kamar su carbon fiber fiber da resin epoxy, waɗanda ke manne da farfajiyar gyarawa, don haka yana da bakin ciki da haske, ƙarfin ƙarfi, mai kyau a cikin karko, dacewa a cikin ginin, kuma yana dacewa da siffofi daban-daban. Yana da fa'ida mai mahimmanci.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 23-2019