Ifayibha yeCarbon yi-inorganic polymer fiber inorganic material entsha enomxholo wekhabhoni ngaphezulu kwe-95%, inoxinano oluphantsi, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukuzinza kweekhemikhali, anti-ukudinwa, ukusulwa kokunganxibi kunye nezinye iipropathi ezibalaseleyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, kwaye inokunciphisa ukungcangcazela okuphezulu, ukuqhuba kakuhle kwe-thermal conductivity, i-electromagnetic shielding performance kunye nokwanda okuphantsi kobushushu kunye nezinye iimpawu zobushushu obuphantsi. Ezi zakhiwo zibalaseleyo zenza i-carbon fiber isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-aerospace, ukuhamba kukaloliwe, ukuveliswa kwezithuthi, izixhobo kunye nezixhobo, oomatshini bokwakha, ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo, ubunjineli baselwandle, ubunjineli bepetroleum, amandla omoya, iimpahla zemidlalo kunye nezinye iinkalo.
Ngokusekwe kwiimfuno ezicwangcisiweyo zelizwe zezixhobo ze-carbon fiber, i-China idwelise njengenye yetekhnoloji ephambili yamashishini asakhulayo agxile kwinkxaso. Kuzwelonke "Ishumi elinambini elinesihlanu" leSayensi kunye nokucwangciswa kweteknoloji, ukulungiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetheknoloji ye-carbon fiber ye-carbon fiber yenye yezobuchwepheshe obuphambili kumashishini asakhasayo anobuchule axhaswa ngurhulumente. NgoMeyi 2015, iBhunga likaRhulumente likhululwe ngokusemthethweni "Yenziwe eChina 2025", izinto ezintsha njengenye yeendawo eziphambili zokukhuthazwa ngamandla kunye nophuhliso, kubandakanywa izinto eziphezulu zokusebenza kwesakhiwo, ii-composites eziphambili kugxininiso lophuhliso kwintsimi yezinto ezintsha. Ngo-Oktobha 2015, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neNgcaciso yeNgcaciso yapapasha ngokusemthethweni i-"China Manufacturing 2025 key Areas Technology Roadmap", "i-fiber ephezulu yokusebenza kunye neengqungquthela zayo" njengento ebalulekileyo yeqhinga, injongo ye-2020 "i-carbon fiber composites yasekhaya ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zobugcisa beenqwelomoya ezinkulu kunye nezinye izixhobo ezibalulekileyo." NgoNovemba 2016, iBhunga likaRhulumente likhuphe "Ishumi elinesithathu elinesihlanu" isicwangciso sesizwe seSicwangciso soPhuhliso lwaMashishini asakhulayo, sabonisa ngokucacileyo ukuqinisa imboni entsha yezinto eziphathekayo phezulu kunye nenkxaso yentsebenziswano esezantsi, kwiimbumba ze-carbon fiber kunye nezinye iinkalo zokuqhuba umboniso wesicelo sokubambisana, ukwakha iqonga lesicelo sokusebenzisana. NgoJanuwari 2017, iSebe lezoShishino kunye noPhuhliso, i-NDRC, isayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, kunye neSebe lezeMali ngokudibeneyo baqulunqa "Isikhokelo kuphuhliso lwamashishini ezinto ezintsha", kwaye kucetywayo ukuba ukususela ngo-2020, "kwi-carbon fiber composites, i-high-quality special steel, i-alloy ephuculweyo yokukhanya kunye nezinye iinkalo zokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-70 yenkqubo yophuhliso lwezixhobo ezingundoqo kunye nenkqubo yophuhliso lwenkqubo ye-industrial entsha ye-industrial, inkqubo ye-industrial ye-industrial kunye nenkqubo yophuhliso lwe-industrial yaseChina, inkqubo yophuhliso lwezixhobo ezintsha ze-industrial imboni yezixhobo ezintsha.
Ngenxa yokuba i-carbon fiber kunye ne-composites yayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni kwesizwe kunye nokuphila kwabantu, iingcali ezininzi zigxininisa ekuphuhlisweni kwazo kunye nohlalutyo lweendlela zophando. UGqr. Zhou Hong uphonononge igalelo lezenzululwazi kunye nezobugcisa ezenziwe zizazinzulu zaseMelika kumanqanaba okuqala ophuhliso lweteknoloji ye-carbon fiber ephezulu, kwaye iskenwe kwaye inike ingxelo kwizicelo eziphambili ze-16 kunye nenkqubela phambili yobugcisa yamva nje ye-carbon fiber, kunye nobugcisa bemveliso, iipropati kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-polyacrylonitrile ifayibha yekhabhoni kunye nophuhliso lwangoku lobugcisa kunye nophuhliso lwangoku lobugcisa lwaye lwaphononongwa yi-Xins ekhoyo kwiingcebiso zokwakhiwa, njl njl. ekuphuhliseni i-carbon fiber e-China. Ukongeza, abantu abaninzi baye benza uphando kuhlalutyo lwe-metrology yamaphepha kunye namalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza kwibala le-carbon fiber kunye ne-composites yayo. Ngokomzekelo, uMa Xianglin kunye nabanye ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-metrology ukusuka kwi-1998-2017 i-carbon fiber patent distribution kunye nokusetyenziswa kwentsimi yohlalutyo; U-Yang Sisi kunye nabanye abasekwe kwiqonga le-innograph ye-global fiber fabric fiber search patent kunye neenkcukacha-manani zedatha, ukusuka kwindlela yophuhliso lonyaka lwamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza, amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza, i-patent hotspot kunye ne-patent engundoqo yethekhnoloji iyahlalutywa.
Ngokwembono yophando carbon ifayibha kunye nophuhliso trajectory, uphando China phantse ngangqamanisi kunye nehlabathi, kodwa uphuhliso lucotha, ukusebenza okuphezulu carbon fiber imveliso isikali kunye nomgangatho xa kuthelekiswa namazwe angaphandle abe umsantsa, kukho imfuneko engxamisekileyo ukukhawulezisa i R & amp; d inkqubo, ukuqhubela phambili uyilo lweqhinga, ukubamba ithuba lophuhliso loshishino lwexesha elizayo. Ngoko ke, eli phepha liphanda kuqala ubeko lweprojekthi yamazwe kummandla wophando lwe-carbon fiber, ukuze uqonde ucwangciso lwe R & amp; d iindlela kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kwaye okwesibini, ngenxa yokuba uphando olusisiseko kunye nophando lwesicelo se-carbon fiber ibaluleke kakhulu kuphando lobugcisa kunye nophuhliso lwe-carbon fiber, ngoko ke, Senza uhlalutyo lwe-metrology evela kwiziphumo zophando lwezemfundo-amaphepha e-SCI kunye neziphumo zophando ezisetyenzisiweyo-amalungelo abenzi ngexesha elifanayo ukufumana ukuqonda okubanzi kwe-R & amp; d inkqubela kwintsimi carbon ifayibha, kwaye scan uphuhliso lophando lwakutsha nje kulo mmandla ukuya Peep International Frontier R & amp; d inkqubela. Ekugqibeleni, ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zophando ezingentla, ezinye iingcebiso zophando kunye nendlela yophuhliso kwintsimi ye-carbon fiber e-China zibekwe phambili.
2. Cifayibha yearbonUyilo lweprojekthi yophandoamazwe/imimandla emikhulu
Amazwe aphambili okuvelisa i-carbon fiber aquka iJapan, iUnited States, iSouth Korea, amanye amazwe aseYurophu kunye neTaiwan, iChina. Amazwe obuchwepheshe obuphezulu kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso lweteknoloji ye-carbon fiber uye waqonda ukubaluleka kwesi sixhobo, uye waqhuba ukuhlelwa kweqhinga, ukukhuthaza ngamandla ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ze-carbon fiber.
2.1 eJapan
IJapan lelona lizwe liphuhliswe kakhulu kwitekhnoloji ye-carbon fiber. Iinkampani ezi-3 zaseToray, eBong naseMitsubishi Liyang eJapan zibalelwa malunga ne-70% ~ 80% yesabelo semarike yehlabathi jikelele yemveliso ye-carbon fiber. Nangona kunjalo, iJapan ibona ukubaluleka okukhulu ekugcineni amandla ayo kweli candelo, ngakumbi uphuhliso lwe-pan-based fiber fibers kunye namandla kunye netekhnoloji ehambelana nokusingqongileyo, kunye nenkxaso eyomeleleyo yabantu neyemali, kunye nenani lemigaqo-nkqubo esisiseko, kubandakanywa isicwangciso samandla esisisiseko, isicwangciso sobuchule sokukhula koqoqosho kunye neProtocol yaseKyoto, yenze le projekthi ibe yiprojekthi yobuchule. Ngokusekwe kumgaqo-nkqubo osisiseko wamandla kazwelonke kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo wokusiNgqongileyo, uMphathiswa wezoQoqosho, ishishini kunye nepropathi yaseJapan uye wabeka phambili "uphando lweteknoloji yokulondoloza amandla kunye neNkqubo yoPhuhliso". Ixhaswe ngumgaqo-nkqubo ongentla, imboni ye-carbon fiber yaseJapan iye yakwazi ukubeka kwindawo enye ngokufanelekileyo yonke imiba yemithombo kunye nokukhuthaza isisombululo seengxaki eziqhelekileyo kwishishini le-carbon fiber.
"Uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji njengezinto ezintsha zokwakhiwa kwezinto ezintsha" (2013-2022) yiprojekthi ephunyezwe phantsi kwe "iprojekthi yophando loPhuhliso lwexesha elizayo" eJapan ukuphumeza ngokubonakalayo uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji eyimfuneko yokwakheka kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokudityaniswa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, kunye nenjongo ephambili yokunciphisa ubunzima (isiqingatha sobunzima bemoto) yeendlela zothutho. Kwaye ekugqibeleni uqonde ukusetyenziswa kwayo okusebenzayo. Emva kokuthatha iprojekthi yophando kunye nophuhliso kwi-2014, i-Arhente yoPhuhliso lweTekhnoloji yezoShishino (i-NEDO) iphuhlise ii-subprojects ezininzi apho iinjongo ezipheleleyo zeprojekthi yophando lwe-carbon Fiber "Innovative carbon fiber uphando olusisiseko kunye nophuhliso" yayiyi: ukuphuhlisa i-carbon fiber precursor compounds; ukucacisa indlela yokwakheka kwezakhiwo ze-carbonization; kunye nokuphuhlisa kunye nokulinganisa iindlela zokuvavanya i-carbon fiber. Le projekthi, ekhokelwa yiYunivesithi yaseTokyo kunye nokubandakanya i-Institute of Industrial Technology (NEDO), iToray, iTeijin, i-Dongyuan, kunye ne-Mitsubishi Liyang, yenze inkqubela phambili ephawulekayo ngoJanuwari 2016 kwaye enye impumelelo enkulu kwintsimi ye-pan-based carbon fiber emva kokuveliswa kwe "Kondo mode" eJapan ngo-1959.
2.2 eMelika
I-Arhente yophando lwangaphambili yase-US (i-DARPA) yasungula iprojekthi ye-Advanced Structural Fiber ngo-2006 ngenjongo yokuhlanganisa amandla ophando lwezenzululwazi alawula ilizwe ukuze kuphuhliswe imicu yesakhiwo sesizukulwana esilandelayo esekwe kwimicu yekhabhoni. Ngokuxhaswa yile projekthi, iqela lophando leGeorgia Institute of Technology eUnited States laqhekeza iteknoloji yokulungiselela ucingo olukrwada ngo-2015, yandisa imodyuli yayo eyalastiki ngama-30%, iphawula iUnited States ngamandla ophuhliso lwesizukulwana sesithathu se-carbon fiber.
Ngo-2014, iSebe lezaMandla laseMelika (i-DOE) libhengeze i-11.3 yezigidi zeerandi zenkxaso-mali kwiiprojekthi ezimbini "kwiinkqubo ze-multi-step catalytic zokuguqulwa kweeshukela ze-biomass ezingenakudliwa zibe yi-acrylonitrile" kunye "nophando kunye nokuphucula i-acrylonitrile evela kwimveliso ye-biomass, ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwe-biomass yezolimo" izinto eziphezulu zokusebenza zekhabhoni ze-carbon fiber ukuveliswa kwezinto ezinokuthi zihlaziyeke ezingenakutya, ezifana ne-woody biomass, kunye nezicwangciso zokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso ye-biomass evuselelekayo ye-carbon fibers ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-5 / lb nge-2020.
Ngo-Matshi 2017, iSebe lezaMandla lase-US kwakhona libhengeze i-3.74 yezigidi zeedola kwinkxaso-mali "yexabiso eliphantsi le-carbon fiber component R & amp; d project" ekhokelwa yi-Western American Institute (WRI), egxininisa kuphuhliso lwamacandelo e-carbon fiber fiber asekelwe kwizibonelelo ezifana namalahle kunye ne-biomass.
NgoJulayi 2017, iSebe lezaMandla lase-US libhengeze inkxaso-mali ye-19.4 yezigidi zeedola ukuxhasa uphando kunye nophuhliso lwezithuthi ezihamba phambili ezisebenza ngamandla, i-6.7 yezigidi ezisetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngexabiso eliphantsi le-carbon fibers usebenzisa izixhobo zokubala, kubandakanywa nokuphuhliswa kweendlela ezininzi zokuvavanya iteknoloji yekhompyutha edibeneyo yokuhlola i-enthusiasm ye-carbon fibre esebenzayo, i-carbon fibre esebenzayo. ithiyori, ukufundwa komatshini kunye nezinye izixhobo zisetyenziselwa ukuphuhlisa izixhobo zekhompyuter zanamhlanje zokuphucula ukukhethwa kwexabiso eliphantsi le-carbon fiber.
2.3 IYurophu
Umzi-mveliso wekhabhoni wekhabhoni waseYurophu waphuhliswa eJapan nase-United States kwiminyaka yamashumi asixhenxe okanye amashumi asibhozo kwinkulungwane yama-20, kodwa ngenxa yetekhnoloji kunye nenkunzi, iinkampani ezininzi ezivelisa ifayibha yekhabhoni enye azizange zibambelele kwixesha lokukhula okuphezulu kwemfuno yefayibha yekhabhoni emva kweminyaka engama-2000 kwaye yanyamalala, Inkampani yaseJamani i-SGL kuphela kwenkampani eYurophu ukuba nesabelo esikhulu kwimarike yecarbon fiber yehlabathi.
NgoNovemba 2011, i-European Union yasungula iProjekthi ye-Eucarbon, ejolise ekuphuculeni amandla okuvelisa aseYurophu kwi-carbon fiber kunye nezinto ezifakwe ngaphambili kwi-aerospace. Le projekthi yathatha iminyaka emi-4, kunye notyalo-mali iyonke 3.2 million euro, kwaye ngoMeyi 2017 waseka ngempumelelo umgca wokuqala okhethekileyo yaseYurophu imveliso ifayibha ifayibha izicelo indawo ezifana neesathelayithi, ngaloo ndlela ivumela iYurophu ukuba ihambe kude nokuxhomekeka kwayo kwimveliso kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokunikezelwa kwezinto.
Isakhelo se-EU Sesixhenxe sicwangcisa ukuxhasa "i-carbon fiber esebenzayo ekulungiseleleni inkqubo entsha ye-precursor kunye neendleko ezisebenzayo kunye nokusebenza okulawulekayo" (FIBRALSPEC) iprojekthi (2014-2017) kwi-euro ye-6.08 yezigidi. Iprojekthi ye-4 yeminyaka, ekhokelwa yi-National Technical University yase-Athene, eGrisi, ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-Italiya, i-United Kingdom kunye ne-Ukraine, igxininise ekuhlaziyeni nasekuphuculeni inkqubo yokulungiswa okuqhubekayo kwe-polyacrylonitrile-based based carbon fibers ukuphumeza ukuveliswa kovavanyo lwe-pan-based carbon fibers ngokuqhubekayo. Iprojekthi igqibe ngempumelelo uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-carbon fiber kunye nokuphucula iteknoloji edibeneyo evela kwimithombo ye-polymer ehlaziyiweyo ye-organic (ezifana ne-supercapacitors, iindawo zokuhlala ezingxamisekileyo, kunye ne-prototype mechanical rotary coating machines and production line development of nanofibers, njl.).
Inani elikhulayo lamacandelo emizi-mveliso, njengeemoto, amandla omoya kunye nokwakhiwa kweenqanawa, zifuna izinto ezikhaphukhaphu, ezinomgangatho ophezulu wokusebenza, okuyimarike enkulu enokubakho kwishishini le-carbon fiber. I-EU ityala imali ye-5.968 yezigidi zee-euro ukuqalisa iprojekthi yeCarboprec (2014-2017), injongo yesicwangciso-qhinga kukuphuhlisa i-precursors yexabiso eliphantsi ukusuka kwizinto ezivuselelekayo ezikhoyo ngokubanzi eYurophu kunye nokuphucula imveliso ye-carbon fibers ephezulu yokusebenza ngokusebenzisa i-carbon nanotubes.
Inkqubo yophando ye-European Union ye-Cleansky II ixhaswe ngemali yeprojekthi ye-"Composite tire R & amp; d" (2017), ekhokelwa yiFraunhofer Institute for Production and Systems Reliability (LBF) eJamani, eceba ukuphuhlisa amacandelo evili langaphambili kwi-carbon fiber eqiniswe inqwelo-moya edibeneyo ye-Airbus A320, Injongo kukunciphisa ubunzima kwi-4 yezixhobo zetsimbi. Le projekthi ixhaswa ngemali malunga ne-EUR 200,000.
2.4 Korea
South Korea kaThixo carbon fiber R & amp; D kunye Industrialization waqala emva kwexesha, R & amp; I-D yaqala ngo-2006, i-2013 yaqala ukungena ngokusesikweni kwinqanaba elisebenzayo, libuyisela umva i-carbon fiber yaseKorea yonke ixhomekeke ekungenisweni kwemeko. KuMzantsi Korea iqela lasekhaya le-xiaoxing kunye neShishini laseTaiguang njengommeli wobuvulindlela beshishini elizibandakanye ngokukhutheleyo kummandla woyilo loshishino lwekhabhoni, uphuhliso olunamandla lunamandla. Ukongeza, isiseko semveliso yefayibha yekhabhoni esekwe yiToray Japan eKorea nayo ibe negalelo kwintengiso yekhabhoni yefayibha eKorea ngokwayo.
Urhulumente wase-Korea ukhethe ukwenza i-xiaoxing yeQela A indawo yokuhlanganisana kumashishini avelisa i-carbon fiber. Injongo kukwenza iqoqo lemveliso ye-carbon fiber, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwe-ecosystem yezoqoqosho kulo lonke ummandla waseNyakatho, eyona njongo iphambili kukwenza imathiriyeli ye-carbon fiber → iinxalenye → imveliso egqityiweyo umxokelelwane wemveliso omnye-stop, ukusekwa kweqoqo le-carbon fiber incubation inokuhambelana ne-Silicon Valley e-United States, ucofe iimarike ezintsha, udale ixabiso elitsha elongezelelweyo, Ukuphumeza injongo ye-carbon fiber kwiimveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-10 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. 55.2 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan) ngo-2020.
3. uhlalutyo lophando lwe-carbon fiber yehlabathi kunye nesiphumo sophando
Eli candelwana libala amaphepha e-SCI anxulumene nophando lwe-carbon fiber kunye neziphumo ze-patent ye-DII ukususela ngo-2010, ukwenzela ukuhlalutya uphando lwezemfundo kunye nophando lwezoshishino kunye nophuhliso lweteknoloji ye-carbon fiber yehlabathi ngexesha elifanayo, kunye nokuqonda ngokupheleleyo inkqubela yophando lwe-carbon fiber kunye nophuhliso lwamazwe ngamazwe.
Idatha ethathwe kwiziko ledatha le-Scie kunye nedatha ye-Dewent kwiwebhu yedatha yeSayensi epapashwe yi-Clarivate Analytics; ixesha lokubuyisela ixesha: 2010-2017; umhla wokufunyanwa: NgoFebruwari 1, 2018.
Isicwangciso-qhinga sokuFumana iPhepha le-SCI: Ts=((i-carbonfibre* okanye i-Carbonfiber*) okanye ("i-Carbon fibre*" hayi"i-carbon Fiberglass") okanye "i-carbon fibre*" okanye i-"carbonfilament*" okanye ((i-polyacrylonitrile okanye i-pitch) kunye ne-"precursor*" nefayibha*) okanye ("i-graphite fiberglass*")) hayi ()"ikhabhoni")".
IQhinga lokuKhangela lePatent yeDewent: Ti=((carbonfibre* okanye Carbonfiber*) okanye ("Carbon fibre*" not"carbon Fiberglass") okanye "carbon fibre*" okanye "carbonfilament*" okanye (((polyacrylonitrile okanye pitch) kunye "precursor*" andfiber*) okanye ("graphite fiber*")) hayi ()icarbon fiber*(icarbon) okanye icarbon*(icarbon*(ifiber*)) okanye icarbon*(icarbon) ("Carbon fiber*" hayi"carbon Fiberglass") okanye "carbon fibre*" okanye "carbonfilament*" okanye ((polyacrylonitrile okanye pitch) kunye ne "precursor*" kunye nefiber*) okanye ("graphite fiber*")) hayi ("bamboo carbon")) kunye IP=(D01F-009/12 okanye D01F3/09/12 okanye D01F3000 okanye D01F3000 okanye D01F307 okanye D01F300000). D01F-009/14 okanye D01F-009/145or D01F-009/15 okanye D01F-009/155 okanye D01F-009/16 okanye D01F-009/17 okanye D01F-009/18 okanyeD01F-009/20 okanye D01F-009/20 I-D01F-009/22 okanye i-D01F-009/24 okanye i-D01F-009/26 okanye i-D01F-09/28 okanye i-D01F-009/30 okanye i-D01F-009/32 okanye i-C08K-007/02 okanye i-C08J-005/04-04 okanye i-D505/30-04 okanye i-D40-30-6 okanye D06M-101/40 okanye D21H-013/50 okanye H01H-001/027 orH01R-039/24).
3.1 indlela
Ukusukela ngo-2010, ngama-16,553 amaphepha afanelekileyo apapashiweyo kwihlabathi jikelele, kwaye ayi-26390 amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza asetyenzisiweyo, onke abonisa ukunyuka okuthe gqolo unyaka nonyaka (Umfanekiso 1).
3.2 Ukuhanjiswa kwelizwe okanye ummandla
Amaziko aphezulu e-10 anesiphumo esikhulu sephepha lophando lwe-carbon fiber yehlabathi livela e-China, apho i-5 ephezulu yile: i-Chinese Academy of Sciences, i-Harbin Institute of Technology, i-Northwestern University of Technology, iYunivesithi yase-Donghua, i-Beijing Institute of Aeronautics kunye ne-Astronautics. Phakathi kwamaziko angaphandle, i-Indian Institute of Technology, iYunivesithi yaseTokyo, iYunivesithi yaseBristol, iYunivesithi yaseMonash, iYunivesithi yaseManchester kunye ne-Georgia Institute of Technology Rank phakathi kwe-10 ~ 20 (umzobo 3).
Inani lezicelo patent kumaziko aphezulu 30, Japan has 5, yaye 3 kubo abahlanu phezulu, inkampani Toray indawo yokuqala, ilandelwa Mitsubishi Liyang (2nd), Teijin (4th), East State (10), Japan Toyo Textile Inkampani (24), China inamaziko 21, Sinopec Iqela inelona nani likhulu patent, intambo yeSibini, i-Harna Kebin, inkampani ye-Technology, i-Harna yesithathu IYunivesithi yaseDonghua, iChina iShanghai Petrochemical, iBeijing Chemical Industry, njl., iChina Academy of Sciences Shanxi Coal application invention Patent 66, ibekwe kwindawo ye-27, amaziko aseMzantsi Korea ane-2, apho i-Xiaoxing Co., Ltd. ibekwe kwindawo yokuqala, ibeka indawo ye-8.
Amaziko emveliso, imveliso yephepha ikakhulu kwiiyunivesithi kunye namaziko ophando lwenzululwazi, patent imveliso ikakhulu evela kwinkampani, kunokubonwa ukuba imveliso carbon ifayibha lishishini lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, njengoko umzimba ophambili carbon fiber R & amp; d Uphuhliso loShishino, inkampani incamathela ukubaluleka okukhulu kukhuseleko lwe-carbon fiber R & amp; d itekhnoloji, ngakumbi iinkampani ezi-2 ezinkulu eJapan, Inani lelungelo elilodwa lomenzi likude phambili.
3.4 IiNdawo eziHotspo zoPhando
Amaphepha ophando lwekhabhoni fiber agubungela ezona zihloko zophando: imidibaniso yeCarbon fiber (kubandakanya imidibaniso eyomeleziweyo yekhabhoni, imidibaniso yepolymer matrix, njl.njl.), uphando lweepropathi zoomatshini, uhlalutyo lwento ephelayo, i-carbon nanotubes, i-delamination, ukomeleza, ukudinwa, i-microstructure, i-electrostatic spinning, unyango lomphezulu, i-adsorption. Amaphepha ajongene nala magama angundoqo athatha i-38.8% yenani elipheleleyo lamaphepha.
Amalungelo awodwa abenzi bokwenziwa kwefayibha yekhabhoni agubungela izihloko ezininzi ezinxulumene nokulungiswa kwefayibha yekhabhoni, izixhobo zokuvelisa kunye nemathiriyeli edibeneyo. Phakathi kwabo, iJapan Toray, iMitsubishi Liyang, iTeijin kunye nezinye iinkampani "kwi-carbon fiber yomeleza iikhompawundi zepolymer" kwintsimi yesakhiwo esibalulekileyo sobugcisa, ukongeza, iToray kunye neMitsubishi Liyang "kwimveliso ye-Polyacrylonitrile ye-carbon fiber kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa", "kunye ne-nitrile engaxutywanga, efana ne-polyacrylonitrile, i-polyvinylidene imveliso ye-polyvinylidene kunye nenye imveliso ye-carbon ethylene inxalenye enkulu yoyilo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, kunye nenkampani yaseJapan iTeijin kwi "carbon fibre kunye neoksijini imidibaniso edityanisiweyo" inomlinganiselo omkhulu woyilo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza.
Iqela laseChina leSinopec, iYunivesithi yaseBeijing yeMichiza, i-Chinese Academy yeSayensi ye-Ningbo Materials kwi "polyacrylonitrile ukuveliswa kwe-carbon fiber kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa" inomlinganiselo omkhulu we-patent layout; Ukongeza, Beijing University of Chemical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanxi Coal Chemical Institute kunye Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo izinto isitshixo Ubeko "Ukusebenzisa ifayibha element inorganic njengoko izithako i-polymer compound ukulungiselela" iteknoloji iye Harbin Institute of Technology igxile ubeko "unyango ifayibha carbon", "ifayibha carbon kunye neoksijini-eziqulathe imidibaniso compound" kunye nezinye iiteknoloji.
Ukongeza, kufunyanwa kwizibalo zonyaka zokusasazwa kwamanani eepatent zehlabathi ukuba inani leendawo ezintsha ezishushu sele ziqalisile ukuvela kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, ezinje: "Ukwakheka kweepolyamides ezifunyenwe ekubunjweni kwe-carboxylate bonding reaction kwikhonkco eliphambili", "iingoma zepolyester ukusuka ekubunjweni kwe-1 carboxylic acid ester bond", ikhonkco lezinto ezisisiseko se-synthetic "ikhonkco eliphambili" i-carboxylic acid equlethe iikhompawundi zeoksijini njengezithako ze-carbon fiber composites ", "kwimo emithathu-ntathu yokuqina okanye ukunyangwa kwezinto ezilukiweyo", "i-ether engaxutywanga, i-acetal, i-acetal, i-ketone okanye i-aldehyde ngokusebenzisa kuphela i-carbon-carbon-unsaturated bond reaction to the production of polymer Compounds", "adiabatic material pipe or phosphates".
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, R & amp; d kwicandelo le-carbon fiber liye lavela, kunye neempumelelo ezininzi ezivela e-United States naseJapan Iiteknoloji zamva nje zokusika azigxininisi kuphela kwimveliso ye-carbon fiber kunye neteknoloji yokulungiselela, kodwa kunye nezicelo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo zemoto, ezifana ne-lightweight, i-3D yokushicilela, kunye nezinto zokuvelisa amandla. Ukongeza, ukuhlaziywa kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ze-carbon fiber, ukulungiswa kwe-wood lignin carbon fiber kunye nezinye izinto eziphunyeziweyo zinomsebenzi wamehlo oqaqambileyo. Iziphumo zabameli zichazwe ngezantsi:
I-1) I-US Georgia Institute of Technology iphula iteknoloji ye-carbon fiber yesizukulwana sesithathu
NgoJulayi 2015, kunye nenkxaso-mali ye-DARPA, i-Georgia Institute of Technology, kunye ne-pan-based based carbon fiber gel spinning technique, yandisa kakhulu imodyuli yayo, idlula i-Hershey IM7 yeCarbon fiber, ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinqwelomoya zomkhosi, iphawula ilizwe lesibini kwihlabathi ukuba liyinkosi kwisizukulwana sesithathu seteknoloji ye-carbon fiber emva kweJapan.
Amandla e-tensile ye-gel ejikeleza i-carbon fiber eyenziwe ngu-Kumarz ifikelela kwi-5.5 ukuya kwi-5.8Gpa, kwaye i-tensile modulus iphakathi kwe-354-375gpa. "Le yifayibha eqhubekayo exelwe ngamandla aphezulu kunye nemodyuli yokusebenza okubanzi. Kwi-filament bundle emfutshane, amandla e-tensile ukuya kwi-12.1Gpa, iyafana neyona nto iphezulu ye-polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber."
2) Itekhnoloji yokufudumeza i-electromagnetic wave
Kwi-2014, i-Nedo yavelisa itekhnoloji yokufudumeza kwe-electromagnetic wave. Itekhnoloji ye-Electromagnetic wave carbonization ibhekisa kusetyenziso lwetekhnoloji yobushushu be-electromagnetic wave ukwenza i-carbonization yefiber kuxinzelelo lomoya. Ukusebenza kwe-carbon fiber ngokusisiseko kufana ne-carbon fiber eveliswa ngokufudumeza okuphezulu kweqondo lokushisa, i-elastic modulus inokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-240GPA, kwaye i-elongation ngexesha lekhefu ingaphezulu kwe-1.5%, yimpumelelo yokuqala emhlabeni.
Ifiber-like material is carbonized by electromagnetic wave, ukwenzela ukuba izixhobo zesithando somlilo se-carbonization ezisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza ukushisa okuphezulu akufuneki. Le nkqubo ayigcini nje ukunciphisa ixesha elifunekayo kwi-carbonization, kodwa iyancipha ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2.
3) ukulawulwa kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-carbonization
Ngo-Matshi 2014, iToray yazisa uphuhliso oluyimpumelelo lwe-t1100g carbon fiber. I-Toray isebenzisa isisombululo se-pan yendabuko yokujikeleza iteknoloji yokulawula kakuhle inkqubo ye-carbonization, ukuphucula i-microstructure ye-carbon fiber kwi-nanoscale, ukulawula i-graphite microcrystalline orientation, ubukhulu be-microcrystalline, iziphene kunye nokunye kwifayibha emva kwe-carbonization, ukwenzela ukuba amandla kunye ne-elastic modulus inokuphuculwa kakhulu. Amandla e-tensile ye-t1100g yi-6.6GPa, eyi-12% ephezulu kune-T800, kunye ne-elastic modulus yi-324GPa kwaye yanda nge-10%, engena kwinqanaba loshishino.
4) ITekhnoloji yoNyango loMphezulu
I-Teijin East State iye yaphuhlisa ngempumelelo iteknoloji yonyango lwe-plasma enokulawula ukubonakala kwe-carbon fiber kwimizuzwana embalwa nje. Le teknoloji intsha yenza lula yonke inkqubo yemveliso kwaye inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngama-50% xa kuthelekiswa nobuchwepheshe obukhoyo bonyango lwe-electrolyte aqueous solutions. Ngaphezu koko, emva konyango lwe-plasma, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukunamathela kwefiber kunye ne-resin matrix kwaphuculwa.
I-5) funda ngesantya sokugcinwa kwe-carbon fiber tensile amandla kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu begraphite
Izinto ze-Ningbo zenze ngempumelelo uphando oluthe gqolo malunga nohlalutyo lwenkqubo, uphando lwesakhiwo kunye nokulungiswa kokusebenza kwamandla aphezulu asekhaya kunye nemowudi ende ye-carbon fiber, ngakumbi umsebenzi wophando kwizinga lokugcinwa kwekhabhoni ye-carbon fiber amandla aqinile kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu begraphite, kunye nolungiselelo lwamva nje oluyimpumelelo lwamandla aphezulu kunye nemodyuli ephezulu ye-carbon fiber enamandla okuqina 5.24GPa kunye ne-tensile modulus volume, iyaqhubeka nokuba namandla e-593GPa xa kuthelekiswa nomthamo we-593GPa ye-tensiley ye-Tora m60j high-high-high-molded carbon fiber (amandla okuqina 3.92GPa, tensile modulus 588GPa).
6) Igraphite yeMicrowave
I-Yongda Advanced Materials iphuhlise ngempumelelo i-United States i-patent ekhethekileyo ye-ultra-high ubushushu be-graphite iteknoloji, imveliso ye-carbon fiber ephakathi kunye nephezulu, iphule ngempumelelo i-bottlenecks ezintathu kuphuhliso lwe-high-order carbon fiber, izixhobo zegraphite ziyabiza kwaye ziphantsi kolawulo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ubunzima beteknoloji yesilika ekrwada, imveliso yemveliso ephantsi kunye neendleko eziphezulu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Yongda iphuhlise iintlobo ezi-3 zeefayibha zekhabhoni, zonke ezithe zaphakamisa amandla kunye nemodyuli yomgangatho ophantsi wekhabhoni fiber ukuya kubude obutsha.
7) Inkqubo entsha yokunyibilikisa i-pan-based carbon fiber wire eluhlaza nguFraunhofer, eJamani.
I-Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymers (i-Polymer Research esetyenzisiweyo, i-IAP) isanda kwazisa ukuba iya kubonisa iteknoloji yeComcarbon yakutshanje kwi-Berlin Air Show Ila ngo-Ephreli 2018 25, i-29. Le teknoloji inciphisa kakhulu iindleko zemveliso ye-carbon fiber eyenziwe ngobuninzi.
Umzobo 4 Ukujikeleza kocingo olukrwada olunyibilika.
Kuyaziwa ukuba kwiinkqubo zendabuko, isiqingatha seendleko zemveliso ye-pan-based carbon fiber idliwe kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ucingo oluluhlaza. Ngenxa yokungakwazi ukunyibilika kocingo olukrwada, kufuneka luveliswe kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokusonta ebiza isisombululo (Solution Spinning). "Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, siye saqulunqa inkqubo entsha yokuvelisa i-pan-based silk ekrwada, enokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso yocingo olukrwada ngama-60%. Le yinkqubo yokunyibilikisa eyongayo kwaye inokwenzeka, kusetyenziswa i-copolymer edibeneyo ephuhliswe ngokukodwa. "UGqr. UJohannes Ganster, uMphathiswa weBiological Polymers kwiFraunhofer IAP Institute, wachaza.
8) Iteknoloji yePlasma oxidation
I-4M ye-Carbon fiber ibhengeze ukuba iya kusebenzisa iteknoloji ye-plasma oxidation ukuvelisa nokuthengisa umgangatho ophezulu, i-carbon fiber ephantsi njengexabiso eliphantsi njengengqwalasela yeqhinga, kungekhona nje ilayisenisi yeteknoloji. Amabango e-4M athi iteknoloji ye-plasma oxidation ngamaxesha e-3 ngokukhawuleza kuneteknoloji ye-oxidation eqhelekileyo, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kungaphantsi kwesithathu kwi-teknoloji yendabuko. Kwaye iingxelo ziye zaqinisekiswa ngabavelisi abaninzi be-carbon fiber bamazwe ngamazwe, ababonisana nenani labakhiqizi be-carbon fiber kunye nee-automakers ezinkulu zehlabathi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba njengabaqalisi bemveliso yexabiso eliphantsi le-carbon fibers.
9) I-Cellulose Nano fiber
IYunivesithi yaseKyoto yaseJapan, kunye nabaxhasi bamacandelo amaninzi amaninzi afana nenkampani yofakelo lombane (umthengisi omkhulu weToyota) kunye neDaikyonishikawa Corp., isebenza ekuphuhliseni izinto zeplastiki ezidibanisa i-cellulose nanofibers, Esi sixhobo senziwe ngokuqhekeza i-pulp yomthi ibe yi-microns ezimbalwa (1 kwiwaka ngalinye mm). Ubunzima bezinto ezitsha ziyingxenye yesihlanu kuphela yobunzima bensimbi, kodwa amandla ayo aphindwe kahlanu kunentsimbi.
I-10) i-carbon fiber phambi komzimba we-polyolefin kunye ne-lignin ekrwada
ILabhoratri yeSizwe ye-Oak Ridge e-United States isebenze kuphando lwe-carbon fiber ephantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi ukususela ngo-2007, kwaye baye baphuhlisa imizimba ye-carbon fiber front for polyolefin kunye ne-lignin ekrwada, kunye ne-plasma pre-oxidation kunye ne-microwave carbonization technologies.
I-11) I-polymer entsha (i-polymer ye-precursor) yaphuhliswa ngokususa unyango lwe-refractory
Kwindlela yokuvelisa ekhokelwa yiYunivesithi yaseTokyo, i-polymer entsha (i-polymer precursor) iye yaphuhliswa ukususa unyango oluchasayo. Inqaku eliphambili kukuba emva kokujikeleza i-polymer kwi-silika, ayiqhubeki unyango lokuqala lwe-refractory, kodwa ibangela ukuba i-oxidize kwi-solvent. Isixhobo sokufudumeza se-microwave sifudunyezwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000 ℃ ukulungiselela i-carbonization. Ixesha lokufudumala lithatha imizuzu emi-2-3 kuphela. Emva konyango lwe-carbonization, i-plasma iphinda isetyenziswe ukwenza unyango olungaphezulu, ukwenzela ukuba i-carbon fiber ingenziwa. Unyango lwe-plasma luthatha ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emi-2. Ngale ndlela, ixesha lokuqala le-sintering lemizuzu engama-30-60 lingancitshiswa libe malunga nemizuzu emi-5. Kwindlela entsha yokuvelisa, unyango lwe-plasma lwenziwa ukuze kuphuculwe ukudibanisa phakathi kwe-carbon fiber kunye ne-thermoplastic resin njengesiseko se-CFRP. I-tensile elastic modulus ye-carbon fiber eyenziwe yindlela entsha yokuvelisa yi-240GPa, amandla okuqina yi-3.5GPa kwaye ubude bufikelela kwi-1.5%. Ezi xabiso zikumgangatho ofanayo neToray Universal grade carbon fiber T300 esetyenziselwa iimpahla zemidlalo, njl.
12) ukurisayikilishwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zekhabhoni zefiber usebenzisa inkqubo yebhedi egudisiweyo
UMengran Meng, umbhali wokuqala wolu phando, uthe: “Ukubuyiswa kwekhabhoni yefayibha kunciphisa impembelelo kokusingqongileyo xa kuthelekiswa nokuveliswa kwefayibha yekhabhoni ekrwada, kodwa kukho ukunqongophala kolwazi lobuchule bokurisayikilisha obunokubakho kunye nokubanako koqoqosho lokuphinda kusetyenziswe ifayibha yekhabhoni. iinkqubo. Ezi ndlela zisusa inxalenye yeplastiki yezinto ezidibeneyo, ishiya i-carbon fiber, enokuthi iguqulwe ibe yi-tangled fiber mats usebenzisa iteknoloji ye-papermaking emanzi, okanye iphinde ihlelwe kwakhona ibe yimicu eqondisayo.
Abaphandi babala ukuba i-carbon fiber inokubuyiselwa kwi-carbon fiber composite inkunkuma usebenzisa inkqubo yokulala e-fluidized, efuna kuphela i-5 yeedola / kg kwaye ngaphantsi kwe-10% yamandla afunekayo ukwenza i-carbon fiber yokuqala. Iifiber zekhabhoni ezisetyenzisiweyo eziveliswa ziinkqubo zebhedi ezinolwelo aziyinciphisi imodyuli, kwaye amandla okuqina ancitshiswa nge-18% ukuya kwi-50% xa kuthelekiswa nemicu yekhabhoni ephambili, ezenza zilungele izicelo ezifuna ukuqina okuphezulu kunokuba namandla. "Iifayibha zekhabhoni ezisetyenzisiweyo zisenokufaneleka kwizicelo ezingezizo zesakhiwo ezifuna ukukhanya, ezifana nemoto, ukwakhiwa, umoya kunye namashishini ezemidlalo," kusho uMeng.
13) Itekhnoloji entsha ye-carbon fiber recycling eyenziwe e-United States
NgoJuni 2016, abaphandi baseGeorgia Institute of Technology e-United States bafake i-carbon fiber kwi-solvent ene-alcohol ukuze ichithe i-epoxy resin, ii-fibers ezihlukeneyo kunye ne-epoxy resins zingaphinda zisetyenziswe, ukufezekiswa ngempumelelo kwe-carbon fiber recovery.
NgoJulayi 2017, iYunivesithi yaseWashington State nayo yavelisa iteknoloji yokubuyisela i-carbon fiber, isebenzisa i-asidi ebuthathaka njenge-catalyst, ukusetyenziswa kwe-ethanol yolwelo kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu ukubola izinto ze-thermosetting, i-carbon fiber kunye ne-resin zigcinwe ngokwahlukileyo, kwaye zinokufakwa kwi-reproduction.
14) Ukuphuhliswa kwe-3D yokushicilela iteknoloji ye-carbon fiber ink kwi-LLNL laboratory, eU.SA
Ngo-Matshi 2017, i-Lawrence Livemore National Laboratory (LLNL) e-United States yavelisa i-3D yokuqala eprintiweyo yokusebenza okuphezulu, i-aviation-grade carbon fiber composites. Basebenzise indlela yoshicilelo lwe-3D yothumelo lwe-inki ngqo (DIW) ukwenza izakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo ezine-dimensional ezintathu eziphucule kakhulu isantya sokusetyenzwa ukuze zisetyenziswe kukhuphiswano lweemoto, i-aerospace, ukhuselo, kunye nezithuthuthu kunye nokusefa.
I-15) I-United States, i-Korea kunye ne-China isebenzisana ekuphuhliseni i-carbon fiber yokuvelisa amandla
Ngo-Agasti 2017, i-campus yaseDallas yeYunivesithi yaseTexas, iYunivesithi yaseHanyang eKorea, iYunivesithi yaseNankai e-China kunye namanye amaziko asebenzisana ekuphuhliseni i-carbon fiber yarn material yokuvelisa amandla. Umsonto kuqala ufakwe kwizisombululo ze-electrolyte ezifana ne-brine, evumela i-ion kwi-electrolyte ukuba inamathele kumphezulu we-carbon nanotubes, enokuthi iguqulwe ibe amandla ombane xa umsonto uqinisiwe okanye unwenwe. Izinto eziphathekayo zinokusetyenziswa kuyo nayiphi na indawo enegunya elithembekileyo le-kinetic kwaye ifanelekile ukubonelela amandla kwi-IoT sensors.
I-16) Inkqubela entsha kuphando lwe-wood lignin carbon fiber efunyenwe yi-Chinese kunye ne-American ngokulandelanayo
Ngo-Matshi 2017, iqela le-fiber elikhethekileyo le-Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology kunye nobunjineli balungiselela i-lignin-acrylonitrile copolymer ene-spinnability enhle kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal ngokusebenzisa i-esterification kunye ne-free radical copolymerization ye-teknoloji yokuguqulwa kwamanyathelo amabini. Iifilaments eziphezulu eziqhubekayo zifunyenwe ngokusebenzisa i-copolymer kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza okumanzi, kwaye i-compact carbon fiber yafunyanwa emva kokuqiniswa kwe-thermal kunye nonyango lwe-carbonization.
Ngo-Agasti 2017, iqela lophando likaBirgitte ahring kwiYunivesithi yaseWashington eUnited States lixube i-lignin kunye ne-polyacrylonitrile ngomlinganiselo ohlukeneyo, kwaye emva koko wasebenzisa iteknoloji yokunyibilika kwe-spinning ukuguqula iipolymers ezixutywe kwi-carbon fibers. Uphononongo lufumene ukuba i-lignin eyongeziweyo kwi-20% ~ 30% ayizange ichaphazele amandla e-carbon fiber kwaye yayilindeleke ukuba isetyenziswe ekuveliseni izinto eziphantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi le-carbon fiber kwi-automotive or aircraft parts.
Ekupheleni kwe-2017, i-National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) ikhuphe uphando malunga nokuveliswa kwe-acrylonitrile usebenzisa iindawo ezingcolileyo zezityalo, ezifana ne-corn straw kunye nengqolowa yengqolowa. Baqala bacazulule izixhobo zezityalo zibe yiswekile baze baziguqule zibe ziiasidi, baze bazidibanise nezinto zokuncedisana nexabiso eliphantsi ukuvelisa iimveliso ekujoliswe kuzo.
I-17) IJapan iphuhlisa i-carbon fiber yokuqala eyomelezwe kwi-thermoplastic composite car chassis
EyeDwarha 2017, iteknoloji entsha yoshishino lwamandla eJapan ehlanganisiweyo R & amp; d I-Arhente kunye neYunivesithi yaseNagoya National Composites Research Centre iphuhlise ngempumelelo i-carbon fiber yokuqala yehlabathi eyomelezwe kwi-chassis yemoto edibeneyo ye-thermoplastic. Basebenzisa i-othomathikhi ifayibha elide eyomeleziweyo thermoplastic composites ngqo on-line inkqubo ukubumba, okuqhubekayo carbon ifayibha kunye amasuntswana intlaka thermoplastic ukuxuba, ukuvelisa ifayibha zomelezwa imidibaniso, kwaye ke ngokufudumeza kunye nokunyibilika uqhagamshelwano, imveliso ngempumelelo thermoplastic CFRP imoto chassis.
5. iingcebiso kwi-R & D ye-carbon fiber technology e-China
5.1 Uyilo olujonge phambili, olujolise kwiinjongo, lugxininise ekwaphuleni isizukulwana sesithathu se-carbon fiber technology.
Itekhnoloji ye-carbon fiber yesizukulwana sesibini ayikabikho impumelelo ebanzi, ilizwe lethu kufuneka lizame ukukhangela phambili okuya kuthi kudibanise phezulu kumaziko ethu ophando afanelekileyo, kugxininise ekubambisweni kobuchwephesha obuphambili, kugxilwe kwisizukulwana sesithathu sokusebenza okuphezulu kwekhabhoni yokulungiselela uphando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso (oko kukuthi, ukusebenza kumandla aphezulu we-aerospace, imodyuli ephezulu ye-carbon fiber composite, itekhnoloji yokulungisa i-carbon fiber kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-carbon fiber composite, kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-carbon fiber composite, kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-carbon fiber composite, kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-carbon fiber composite, kunye ne-carbon fiber composite. ilula, ixabiso eliphantsi lokulungiswa kwefayibha ye-tow yekhabhoni, itekhnoloji yokuvelisa i-carbon fiber composite imathiriyeli, itekhnoloji yokuphinda isetyenziswe kunye nobuchwepheshe bokwenza iprototyping ngokukhawuleza.
5.2 Ukulungelelaniswa kombutho, ukomeleza inkxaso, ukuseka iiprojekthi ezinkulu zobugcisa ukuxhasa ngokuqhubekayo uphando lwentsebenziswano.
Okwangoku, kukho amaziko amaninzi ukwenza uphando carbon ifayibha e China, kodwa amandla usasazwe, kwaye akukho R emanyeneyo & amp; d indlela yombutho kunye nenkxaso-mali eyomeleleyo yolungelelwaniso olusebenzayo. Ukujonga kumava ophuhliso lwamazwe ahambele phambili, umbutho kunye nokubekwa kweeprojekthi ezinkulu kudlala indima enkulu ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso lwalo mmandla wobugcisa. Kufuneka sigxile kwi China Advantage R & amp; d Ukunyanzeliswa, kwimboniselo yaseTshayina ifayibha impumelelo R & amp; d itekhnoloji ukuqalisa iiprojekthi ezinkulu, ukomeleza iteknoloji yentsebenziswano entsha, kunye nokukhuthaza rhoqo inqanaba lophando lwekhabhoni yekhabhoni yaseTshayina, ukhuphiswano lwekhabhoni yefayibha yamazwe ngamazwe kunye necomposite.
5.3 Ukuphucula indlela yovavanyo lwesiphumo soqhelaniso lweziphumo zobugcisa
Ukususela kumbono wohlalutyo lwe-econometric yamaphepha e-SCI, i-carbon fiber yaseChina njengento ephezulu yokusebenza esetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zophando, kodwa kwimveliso ye-carbon fiber kunye nokulungiswa kweteknoloji, ngokukodwa kugxininise ekunciphiseni iindleko, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso yophando oluncinci. Inkqubo yokuvelisa ifayibha yeCarbon inde, iteknoloji amanqaku aphambili, imiqobo yemveliso ephezulu, luqeqesho oluninzi, ukudibanisa itekhnoloji eninzi, idinga ukugqobhoza imiqobo yobugcisa, ukukhuthaza ngempumelelo "ixabiso eliphantsi, ukusebenza okuphezulu" okuphambili kophando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso, kwelinye icala, kufuneka ukomeleza utyalo-mali lophando, kwelinye icala, kufuneka buthathaka intsimi yovavanyo lwesayensi yovavanyo, ukuqinisa isiphumo sovavanyo lwenkqubo yovavanyo, ukuqinisa isiphumo sovavanyo lwenkqubo yovavanyo lwezesayensi kunye novavanyo lobugcisa. uvavanyo "quantitative", olunika ingqalelo ukupapashwa kwephepha, kuvavanyo "lomgangatho" wexabiso leziphumo.
5.4 Ukomeleza ukulinywa kweetalente ezidityanisiweyo zeteknoloji ekwinqanaba eliphezulu
Uphawu oluphezulu lobuchwephesha bekhabhon ifayibha iteknoloji imisela ukubaluleka kweetalente ezikhethekileyo, nokuba banabasebenzi abaphambili bobugcisa bamisela ngokuthe ngqo inqanaba le-R & amp; D yeziko.
Njengomphumo weteknoloji ye-carbon fiber i-R & D ikhonkco, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kuqeqesho lwabasebenzi be-compound, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukulungelelaniswa nokuphuhliswa kwazo zonke izixhumanisi. Ukongeza, ukusuka kwimbali yophuhliso lophando lwekhabhoni ifayibha e China, ukuhamba kobuchwephesha iingcali core idla ngokuba yinto ephambili echaphazela R & amp; d inqanaba leziko lophando. Ukugcina ukulungiswa kweengcali ezingundoqo kunye ne-R & amp; d amaqela kwiinkqubo zemveliso, i-composites kunye neemveliso eziphambili zibalulekile kuphuculo oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji.
Kufuneka siqhubeke ukomeleza uqeqesho kunye nokusetyenziswa kwabasebenzi abakhethekileyo obuphezulu kulo mmandla, ukuphucula uvavanyo kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wonyango weTekhnoloji R & amp; d iitalente, ukomeleza ukulinywa kweetalente abancinci, ukuxhasa ngenkuthalo intsebenziswano kunye notshintshiselwano kunye ne-R yangaphandle phambili & amp; d amaziko, kunye nokwazisa ngamandla angaphandle iitalente eziphambili, njl. Oku kuya kudlala indima enkulu ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso lophando lwe-carbon fiber e-China.
Icatshulwe ku-
Uhlalutyo kuphuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-carbon fiber yehlabathi kunye nokukhanyisa kwayo e-China. Tian Yajuan,Zhang Zhiqiang,Tao Cheng,Yang ming,Ba jin,Chen Yunwei.I-World Sci-Tech R & D.2018
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-04-2018