Carbon fiber bụ inorganic polymer fiber inorganic ihe ọhụrụ nwere carbon ọdịnaya n'elu 95%, na ala njupụta, elu ike, elu okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, ukwuu chemical nkwụsi ike, mgbochi ike ọgwụgwụ, eyi na-eguzogide ehichapụ na ndị ọzọ magburu onwe isi anụ ahụ na kemịkal Njirimara, na nwere elu vibration attenuation, ezi conductive thermal conductivity, electromagnetic shielding arụmọrụ na ala thermal mgbasa ọnụọgụ na àgwà ndị ọzọ. Ngwongwo ndị a magburu onwe ya na-eme ka carbon fiber na-ejikarị eme ihe na mbara igwe, ụgbọ okporo ígwè, mmepụta ụgbọ ala, ngwá agha na ngwá ọrụ, ígwè ọrụ ihe owuwu, ihe owuwu ihe, nkà na ụzụ mmiri, mmanụ ụgbọ ala, ikuku ume, ngwongwo egwuregwu na ubi ndị ọzọ.
Dabere na mkpa atụmatụ mba nke ihe carbon fiber, China depụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime teknụzụ bụ isi nke ụlọ ọrụ na-apụta na-elekwasị anya na nkwado. Na mba "iri na abụọ na ise" Sayensị na nkà na ụzụ atụmatụ, nkwadebe na ngwa technology nke elu arụmọrụ carbon fiber bụ otu n'ime isi teknụzụ nke stratejik apụta ụlọ ọrụ na-akwado steeti. May 2015, na State Council eze wepụtara "Mere na China 2025", ọhụrụ ihe dị ka otu n'ime isi ebe nke ike nkwalite na mmepe, gụnyere elu-arụmọrụ structural ihe, elu composites bụ elekwasị anya nke mmepe na ubi nke ọhụrụ ihe. Na October 2015, Ministry of Industry na Information Industry eze bipụtara "China Manufacturing 2025 isi Area Technology Roadmap", "elu-arụmọrụ eriri na ya mejupụtara" dị ka isi atụmatụ ihe, ihe mgbaru ọsọ 2020 bụ "ụlọ carbon eriri composites izute teknuzu chọrọ nke nnukwu ụgbọ elu na ndị ọzọ dị mkpa akụrụngwa." November 2016, na State Council agbala "iri na atọ na ise" mba Strategic abụrụ Industries Development atụmatụ, n'ụzọ doro anya kwuru na ike ọhụrụ ihe ụlọ ọrụ upstream na downstream nkwado nkwado, na carbon eriri composites na ndị ọzọ ubi na-ebu imekota ngwa pilot ngosi, na-ewu a collaborative ngwa n'elu ikpo okwu. Na January 2017, Ministry of Industry na Development, NDRC, sayensị na nkà na ụzụ, na Ministry of Finance jikọrọ aka chepụta na "Nduzi na mmepe nke ọhụrụ ihe ụlọ ọrụ", na tụrụ aro na dị ka nke 2020, "na carbon eriri composites, elu-edu pụrụ iche ígwè, elu alloy alloy ihe na ndị ọzọ ubi nweta ihe karịrị 70 isi ihe ọhụrụ akụrụngwa na-akwado usoro mmepụta ihe na ngwa China nke na-akwado usoro mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ 70 na ngwa ọhụrụ nke China. ụlọ ọrụ."
N'ihi na eriri carbon na ihe mejupụtara ya na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na nchekwa mba yana ndụ ndị mmadụ, ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara na-elekwasị anya na mmepe ha na nyocha nke usoro nyocha. Dr. Zhou Hong nyochaa nkà mmụta sayensị na nkà na ụzụ onyinye nyere American ọkà mmụta sayensị na mmalite nke mmepe nke elu-arụmọrụ carbon fiber technology, na scanned na kọrọ na 16 isi ngwa na na-adịbeghị anya nkà na ụzụ ọganihu nke carbon eriri, na mmepụta technology, Njirimara na ngwa nke polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber na ya ugbu a nkà na ụzụ mmepe e enyochakwa n'ihi na Dr. nsogbu dị na mmepe nke carbon fiber na China. Na mgbakwunye, ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ emeela nyocha na nyocha metrology nke akwụkwọ na patent n'ọhịa nke eriri carbon na ihe ndị mejupụtara ya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Ma Xianglin na ndị ọzọ si n'echiche nke metrology sitere na 1998-2017 carbon fiber patent nkesa na ntinye nke ngalaba nyocha; Yang Sisi na ndị ọzọ dabere na ikpo okwu innography maka nyocha patent nke carbon fiber zuru ụwa ọnụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ data, site na mmepe mmepe kwa afọ nke patent, patentees, ebe nchekwa teknụzụ patent na patent nke teknụzụ na-enyocha.
Site n'echiche nke carbon eriri nnyocha na mmepe trajectory, China nnyocha fọrọ nke nta synchronized na ụwa, ma mmepe bụ ngwa ngwa, elu-arụmọrụ carbon eriri mmepụta ọnụ ọgụgụ na àgwà tụnyere mba ọzọ nwere oghere, e nwere mkpa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa R & amp; d usoro, gaa n'ihu atụmatụ atụmatụ, jide ohere mmepe ụlọ ọrụ n'ọdịnihu. Ya mere, akwụkwọ akụkọ a na-ebu ụzọ nyochaa nhazi ọrụ nke mba na mpaghara nyocha nke carbon fiber, iji ghọta atụmatụ nke R & amp; d ụzọ na mba dị iche iche, na nke abụọ, n'ihi na isi nnyocha na ngwa nnyocha nke carbon eriri dị oké mkpa maka oru nnyocha na mmepe nke carbon fiber, Ya mere, Anyị na-eduzi metrology analysis si agụmakwụkwọ research pụta-SCI akwụkwọ na etinyere nnyocha pụta-patents n'otu oge ahụ iji nweta a keukwu nghọta nke R & amp; d ọganihu na ubi nke carbon eriri, na iṅomi na-adịbeghị anya nnyocha na-emepe a ubi ka Peep International Frontier R & amp; d agamnihu. N'ikpeazụ, dabere na nsonaazụ nyocha a dị n'elu, a na-etinye ụfọdụ aro maka ụzọ nyocha na mmepe n'ọhịa nke carbon fiber na China.
2.CArbon eririnhazi oru nyocha nkeobodo/mpaghara
Mba ndị bụ isi na-emepụta eriri carbon gụnyere Japan, United States, South Korea, ụfọdụ mba Europe na Taiwan, China. Mba ndị dị elu na nkà na ụzụ na mmalite nke mmepe nke teknụzụ carbon fiber achọpụtala mkpa nke ihe a dị, emeela nhazi usoro, na-akwadosi ike ịmepụta ihe ọkụkụ carbon.
2.1 Japan
Japan bụ obodo kachasị mepere emepe maka teknụzụ fiber carbon. Ụlọ ọrụ 3 dị na Toray, Bong na Mitsubishi Liyang dị na Japan maka ihe dịka 70% ~ 80% ahịa nke mmepụta carbon fiber zuru ụwa ọnụ. Ka o sina dị, Japan na-etinye aka dị ukwuu maka ịnọgide na-enwe ike ya n'ọhịa a, karịsịa mmepe nke nnukwu arụmọrụ pan-based carbon fibers na ume na nkà na ụzụ enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi, na nkwado siri ike nke mmadụ na ego, na n'ọtụtụ nke isi atumatu, gụnyere isi ike atụmatụ, atụmatụ atụmatụ maka uto akụ na ụba na Kyoto Protocol, emewo ka nke a bụrụ atụmatụ atụmatụ nke kwesịrị ịkwalite. Dabere na isi ike mba na amụma gburugburu ebe obibi, Ministry of Economy, ụlọ ọrụ na ihe onwunwe nke Japan ewepụtala "Nchọpụta teknụzụ na-echekwa ike ike na mmemme mmepe". N'ịkwado site na amụma ahụ dị n'elu, ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-ahụ maka eriri carbon nke Japan enwewo ike ime ka akụkụ niile nke akụ na ụba dịkwuo mma ma kwalite ngwọta nke nsogbu nkịtị na ụlọ ọrụ carbon fiber.
"Technology development dị ka ọhụrụ structural ihe" (2013-2022) bụ a oru ngo emejuputa atumatu n'okpuru "Future Development nnyocha oru ngo" na Japan iji budata nweta mmepe nke dị mkpa ọhụrụ structural ihe technology na Nchikota dị iche iche ihe, na isi ebumnobi nke mbenata fechaa (ọkara nke ụgbọ ala arọ) nke n'aka nke iga. Ma n'ikpeazụ ghọta ya bara uru ngwa. Mgbe eweghara nnyocha na mmepe oru ngo na 2014, na Industrial Technology Development Agency (NEDO) mepụtara ọtụtụ subprojects nke mkpokọta ebumnobi nke carbon Fiber nnyocha oru ngo "Innovative carbon eriri isi nnyocha na mmepe" bụ: ịzụlite ọhụrụ carbon eriri precursor ogige; iji kọwaa usoro nhazi nke usoro carbonization; na ịzụlite na ịhazi usoro nyocha nke eriri carbon. Ihe oru ngo a, nke Mahadum Tokyo na-eduzi na mmekorita ya na Institute of Industrial Technology (NEDO), Toray, Teijin, Dongyuan, na Mitsubishi Liyang, enweela ọganihu dị ukwuu na January 2016 na bụ nnukwu ọganihu ọzọ na ubi nke carbon fiber dabeere na pan na-esote mmepụta nke "Kondo mode" na Japan na 1959.
2.2 United States
Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha tupu agbachitere US (DARPA) bidoro ọrụ Advanced Structural Fiber na 2006 na ebumnuche nke ịkpọkọta ndị ọrụ nyocha sayensị kachasị na mba ahụ iji mepụta eriri nhazi nke ọgbọ na-esote dabere na eriri carbon. N'ịkwado ọrụ a, ndị otu nyocha nke Georgia Institute of Technology dị na United States mebiri teknụzụ nkwadebe waya nke raw na 2015, na-abawanye modulus ya na-agbanwe site na 30%, na-akara United States ikike mmepe nke ọgbọ nke atọ nke carbon fiber.
N'afọ 2014, Ngalaba Energy United States (DOE) kwupụtara ntinye ego nde dollar 11.3 maka ọrụ abụọ maka "usoro catalytic multi-step catalytic maka ngbanwe nke sugars biomass na-adịghị eri nri n'ime acrylonitrile" na "nyocha na njikarịcha nke acrylonitrile sitere na mmepụta nke omenala biomass, na-akwalite mmepụta nke omenala biomass. Ihe eji eme ka carbon fiber na-emeghari ihe di elu maka imepụta ihe eji emeghari ihe na-esiteghi nri, dika osisi biomass, ma na-eme atụmatụ ibelata mmepụta nke eriri carbon carbon biomass na-emeghari ihe na-erughị $ 5/lb site na 2020.
Na March 2017, US Department of Energy kwuputara ọzọ 3.74 nde dollar na ego a "obere ọnụ ala carbon fiber components R & amp; d project" nke Western American Institute (WRI) na-edu, nke na-elekwasị anya na mmepe nke obere ọnụ ala carbon fiber components dabere na akụrụngwa dị ka coal na biomass.
July 2017, US Department of Energy kwupụtara ego nke 19.4 nde dollar iji kwado nyocha na mmepe nke ụgbọ ala ndị na-arụ ọrụ ike dị elu, nde 6.7 nke a na-eji na-akwado nkwado nke eriri carbon dị ọnụ ala site na iji ihe mgbagwoju anya, gụnyere mmepe nke usoro nyocha ọtụtụ maka teknụzụ kọmputa jikọtara ọnụ iji chọpụta ịnụ ọkụ n'obi nke ọhụrụ carbon fiber na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. tiori, mmụta igwe na ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ ka a na-eji emepụta ngwa kọmputa nke ọgbara ọhụrụ iji melite nhọpụta nke akụrụngwa fiber carbon dị ọnụ ala.
2.3 Europe
Ụlọ ọrụ fiber carbon fiber Europe mepụtara na Japan na United States na Seventies ma ọ bụ iri asatọ nke narị afọ nke 20, ma n'ihi nkà na ụzụ na isi obodo, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepụta fiber carbon anaghị agbaso oge uto dị elu nke carbon fiber na-achọ mgbe afọ 2000 gasịrị wee pụọ n'anya, ụlọ ọrụ German SGL bụ naanị ụlọ ọrụ na Europe nwere nnukwu òkè nke ahịa carbon fiber ụwa.
Na Nọvemba 2011, European Union weputara Eucarbon Project, nke na-achọ ịkwalite ikike nrụpụta Europe na eriri carbon na ihe etinyere n'afọ maka ikuku. The oru ngo dịruru 4 afọ, na a ngụkọta ego nke 3.2 nde euro, na na May 2017 ọma guzosie ike Europe mbụ pụrụ iche carbon eriri mmepụta akara maka ohere ngwa dị ka Satellites, si otú na-enyere Europe pụọ ya mbubata adabere na ngwaahịa na hụ na nchekwa nke ọkọnọ nke ihe.
Usoro nke asaa nke EU na-ezube ịkwado "fiber carbon na-arụ ọrụ na nkwadebe nke usoro mmalite ọhụrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-akwụ ụgwọ na-arụ ọrụ" (FIBRALSPEC) (2014-2017) na euro 6.08 nde. The 4-afọ oru ngo, edu site National Technical University of Athens, Greece, na òkè nke multinational ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka Italy, United Kingdom na Ukraine, na-elekwasị anya na innovating na imezi usoro nke na-aga n'ihu nkwadebe nke polyacrylonitrile dabeere carbon eriri iji nweta nnwale mmepụta nke nọgidere pan dabeere carbon eriri. Ihe oru ngo a emechaala mmepe na ngwa nke carbon fiber na nkwalite teknụzụ mejupụtara sitere na akụrụngwa polymer nwere ike imeghari (dịka supercapacitors, ebe nchekwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa, yana prototype igwe eletriki igwe mkpuchi rotary na mmepụta ahịrị nanofibers, wdg).
Ọnụ ọgụgụ na-eto eto nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, dị ka ụgbọ ala, ike ikuku na iwu ụgbọ mmiri, chọrọ ihe mgbagwoju anya na-arụ ọrụ dị elu, nke bụ nnukwu ahịa ahịa maka ụlọ ọrụ fiber carbon. EU na-etinye ego 5.968 nde euro iji malite ọrụ Carboprec (2014-2017), ebumnuche ebumnuche ya bụ imepụta ihe mmalite dị ọnụ ala site na ihe ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe nke dị na Europe yana ịkwalite mmepụta nke carbon fibers dị elu site na carbon nanotubes.
Mmemme nyocha nke European Union's Cleansky II kwadoro ọrụ "Composite taya R & amp; d" (2017), nke Fraunhofer Institute for Production and Systems Reliability (LBF) na Germany na-eduzi, nke na-ezube ịmepụta ihe ndị dị n'ihu maka carbon fiber mesikwuru ụgbọ elu mejupụtara maka Airbus A320, Ebumnuche bụ iji belata ibu site na 40% ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe ọla. A na-akwado ọrụ a site na ihe dịka EUR 200,000.
2.4 Korea
South Korea si carbon eriri R & amp; D na Industrialization malitere mbubreyo, R & amp; D malitere na 2006, 2013 malitere ịbanye n'usoro ihe omume, na-atụgharị eriri carbon nke Korea na-adabere na mbubata ọnọdụ ahụ. N'ebe ndị otu xiaoxing nke South Korea na Taiguang Business dị ka onye nnọchiteanya nke ndị ọsụ ụzọ ụlọ ọrụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na nhazi nke ụlọ ọrụ fiber carbon, mmepe ngwa ngwa siri ike. Na mgbakwunye, ntọala mmepụta eriri carbon nke Toray Japan guzobere na Korea nyekwara aka na ahịa eriri carbon na Korea n'onwe ya.
Gọọmenti Korea ahọrọla ime ebe xiaoxing Group A maka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke eriri carbon. Ebumnuche bụ imepụta ụyọkọ ihe ọkụkụ carbon fiber, kwalite mmepe nke gburugburu ebe obibi akụ na ụba okike okike na mpaghara North dum, ihe mgbaru ọsọ kacha bụ ịmepụta carbon fiber → akụkụ → emechara ngwaahịa otu nkwụsị mmepụta ihe, nguzobe nke ụyọkọ carbon fiber incubation nwere ike dakọtara na Silicon Valley dị na United States, kpatụ ahịa ọhụrụ, mepụta uru agbakwunyere ọhụrụ, rụzuo ebumnuche nke mbupụ carbon na $ 10 ijeri. 55.2 ijeri yuan) site na 2020.
3. nyocha nke nyocha carbon fiber zuru ụwa ọnụ na mmepụta nyocha
Nkebi nke a na-agụta akwụkwọ SCI metụtara nyocha carbon fiber na nsonaazụ patent DII kemgbe 2010, iji nyochaa nyocha agụmakwụkwọ na nyocha ụlọ ọrụ na mmepe nke teknụzụ carbon fiber zuru ụwa ọnụ n'otu oge, wee ghọta nke ọma ọganihu nke nyocha fiber carbon fiber na mmepe mba ụwa.
Data sitere na Scie nchekwa data na Dewent nchekwa data na webụ nke Sayensị nchekwa data nke Clarivate Analytics bipụtara; Ogologo oge eweghachi: 2010-2017; Ụbọchị eweghachi: Febụwarị 1, 2018.
Atụmatụ iweghachi akwụkwọ SCI: Ts = ((carbonfibre * ma ọ bụ Carbonfiber * ma ọ bụ ("Carbon fiber*" ọ bụghị "carbon Fiberglass") ma ọ bụ "carbon fibre*" ma ọ bụ "carbonfilament*" ma ọ bụ ((polyacrylonitrile ma ọ bụ pitch) na "precursor*" nafiber*) ma ọ bụ ("carbon fiber*") ọ bụghị ("carbon fiber).
Strategy Search Dewent Patent Search Strategy: Ti = ((carbonfibre* ma ọ bụ Carbonfiber* ma ọ bụ ("Carbon fiber*" ọ bụghị"carbon Fiberglass") ma ọ bụ "carbon fibre*" ma ọ bụ "carbonfilament*" ma ọ bụ ((polyacrylonitrile ma ọ bụ pitch) na "precursor*" andfiber**) ma ọ bụ ("carbon fiber*" ọ bụghị"carbon fiber*") abụghị ("carbon fiber*") Carbonfiber * ma ọ bụ ("Carbon fiber*" ọ bụghị "carbon Fiberglass") ma ọ bụ "carbon fibre*" ma ọ bụ "carbonfilament*" ma ọ bụ ((polyacrylonitrile ma ọ bụ pitch) na "precursor*" nafiber *) ma ọ bụ ("fiber graphite *")) ọ bụghị ("bamboo carbon")) na IP=(D01F-009/120) D01F-009/133 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/14 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/145 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/15 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/155 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/16 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/17 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/10-0 D01F-009/21 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/22 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/24 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/26 ma ọ bụ D01F-09/28 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/30 ma ọ bụ D01F-009/32 ma ọ bụ C08K-007/02 ma ọ bụ C04/08B ma ọ bụ D06M-014/36 ma ọ bụ D06M-101/40 ma ọ bụ D21H-013/50 ma ọ bụ H01H-001/027 ma ọ bụ H01R-039/24).
3.1 usoro
Kemgbe 2010, ebipụtala akwụkwọ 16,553 dabara adaba n'ụwa niile, na etinyere patent 26390 mepụtara, ihe niile na-egosi na-aga n'ihu na-arị elu kwa afọ (Nkeji 1).
3.2 Nkesa obodo ma ọ bụ mpaghara
Ụlọ ọrụ iri kacha elu nwere nnukwu mmepụta nke akwụkwọ nyocha carbon fiber zuru ụwa ọnụ sitere na China, nke 5 kachasị elu bụ: Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Northwestern University of Technology, Donghua University, Beijing Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. N'etiti ụlọ ọrụ mba ọzọ, ụlọ ọrụ India Institute of Technology, Mahadum Tokyo, Mahadum Bristol, Mahadum Monash, Mahadum Manchester na Georgia Institute of Technology Rank n'etiti 10 ~ 20 (Fig 3).
Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ngwa patent na ụlọ ọrụ 30 kachasị elu, Japan nwere 5, na 3 n'ime ha nọ n'ime ise kachasị elu, ụlọ ọrụ Toray họọrọ nke mbụ, na-esote Mitsubishi Liyang (2nd), Teijin (4th), East State (10th), Japan Toyo Textile Company (24th), China nwere ụlọ ọrụ 21, Sinopec Group nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị ukwuu nke patent, ụlọ ọrụ Hebinna Kehutter, Ụlọ ọrụ Technology nke atọ, Ụlọ ọrụ Hebinng Letter nke abụọ, nke abụọ. University, China Shanghai Petrochemical, Beijing Chemical Industry, wdg, na Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanxi Coal ngwa mepụtara Patent 66, họọrọ 27th, South Korean oru nwere 2, nke Xiaoxing Co., Ltd. họọrọ mbụ, ogo 8th.
Output oru, mmepụta nke akwụkwọ tumadi si mahadum na sayensị nnyocha ụlọ ọrụ, patent mmepụta tumadi si ụlọ ọrụ, ọ pụrụ ịhụ na carbon eriri n'ichepụta bụ a elu-tech ụlọ ọrụ, dị ka isi ozu nke carbon eriri R & amp; d Industry Development, ụlọ ọrụ attaches oké mkpa na-echebe nke carbon eriri R & amp; d technology, karịsịa 2 isi ụlọ ọrụ na Japan, Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke patent dị anya n'ihu.
3.4 Ebe nyocha
Akwụkwọ nyocha nke carbon fiber na-ekpuchi isiokwu nyocha kachasị: Ihe mejupụtara carbon fiber (gụnyere carbon fiber composites, polymer matrix composites, wdg), nyocha akụrụngwa akụrụngwa, nyocha mmechi, carbon nanotubes, delamination, mkwado, ike ọgwụgwụ, microstructure, ntụgharị electrostatic, ọgwụgwọ elu, adsorption na ihe ndị ọzọ. Akwụkwọ ndị metụtara mkpụrụokwu ndị a bụ 38.8% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ akwụkwọ niile.
Ikike ikike imepụta fiber carbon na-ekpuchi ọtụtụ isiokwu metụtara nkwadebe nke eriri carbon, akụrụngwa mmepụta na ihe mejupụtara. Otu n'ime ha, Japan Toray, Mitsubishi Liyang, Teijin na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na "carbon eriri mesikwuru polymer ogige" na ubi nke dị mkpa teknuzu okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu, ke adianade do, Toray na Mitsubishi Liyang na "Polyacrylonitrile mmepụta nke carbon eriri na mmepụta ngwá", "na unsaturated nitrile, dị ka polyacrylonitrile, carbon polyvinidet" mmepụta teknụzụ ndị ọzọ na-emeputa ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe dị ka polyacrylonitrile. nke patent layout, na Japanese Teijin ụlọ ọrụ na "carbon fiber na oxygen compound composites" nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke patent nhazi.
China Sinopec Group, Beijing Chemical University, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Materials na "polyacrylonitrile mmepụta nke carbon eriri na mmepụta ngwá" nwere nnukwu akụkụ nke patent layout; Ke adianade do, Beijing University of Chemical Engineering, na Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanxi Coal Chemical Institute na Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo ihe isi okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu "Iji inorganic mmewere eriri dị ka Efrata nke polymer compound nkwadebe" technology nwere Harbin Institute of Technology na-elekwasị anya na okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu nke "carbon eriri ọgwụgwọ", "carbon eriri na oxygen-nwere compound composites" na teknụzụ ndị ọzọ.
Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-achọta ya site na ọnụ ọgụgụ nkesa nkesa kwa afọ nke patent zuru ụwa ọnụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ọhụrụ na-ekpo ọkụ amalitela ịpụta n'ime afọ atọ gara aga, dị ka: "Compositions of polyamides nwetara site na nguzobe nke carboxylate bonding mmeghachi omume na isi yinye", "polyester mejupụtara si guzobe 1 carboxylic acid ihe ester bonds na isi yinye", "compositions nke polyamides enwetara site n'usoro nke carboxylate bonding mmeghachi omume na isi yinye", "polyester mejupụtara si guzobe 1 carboxylic acid ihe ester bonds na isi yinye", "compositic acid". nwere oxygen ogige dị ka Efrata nke carbon fiber composites", "na atọ akụkụ nke siri ike ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ nke textile ihe", "unsaturated ether, acetal, semi-acetal, ketone ma ọ bụ aldehyde site na naanị carbon-carbon unsaturated bond mmeghachi omume na mmepụta nke polymer Compounds", "adiabatic ihe ọkpọkọ ma ọ bụ USB", "Carbon ethers dị ka ihe mejupụtara ya na phosphate composites.
Na-adịbeghị anya, R & amp; d na mpaghara eriri carbon apụtala, yana ọtụtụ ihe nrịbama sitere na United States na Japan Teknụzụ kachasị ọhụrụ na-elekwasị anya ọ bụghị naanị na mmepụta carbon fiber na teknụzụ nkwadebe, kamakwa na ngwa n'ọtụtụ akụrụngwa akụrụngwa, dị ka ihe dị arọ, mbipụta 3D, na ihe nrụpụta ike. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, imegharị na imegharị ihe nke carbon fiber, nkwadebe nke osisi lignin carbon fiber na mmezu ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ anya na-egbuke egbuke. A kọwapụtara nsonaazụ nnọchite anya n'okpuru:
1) US Georgia Institute of Technology na-agbaji site na teknụzụ carbon fiber ọgbọ nke atọ
Na July 2015, na DARPA ego, Georgia Institute of Technology, na ya ọhụrụ pan dabeere carbon fiber gel spinning Usoro, budata mụbara ya modulus, karịrị Hershey IM7 Carbon eriri, nke ugbu a ọtụtụ-eji na agha ụgbọ elu, akara mba nke abụọ n'ụwa na-amụta ọgbọ nke atọ nke carbon fiber technology mgbe Japan.
Ike ike nke jel na-atụgharị carbon fiber nke Kumarz mere ruru 5.5 ruo 5.8Gpa, na modul tensile dị n'etiti 354-375gpa. "Nke a bụ eriri na-aga n'ihu nke akọwara ya na ike kachasị elu na modul nke arụmọrụ zuru oke. N'ime ngwugwu filament dị mkpụmkpụ, ike ike ruo 12.1Gpa, otu ihe ahụ bụ eriri carbon polyacrylonitrile kachasị elu."
2) Teknụzụ ọkụ ọkụ eletrik
N'afọ 2014, Nedo mepụtara teknụzụ ọkụ ọkụ eletrik. Teknụzụ carbonization electromagnetic na-ezo aka n'iji teknụzụ kpo oku ọkụ eletrik na-eme ka carbonization fiber na nrụgide ikuku. Arụmọrụ eriri carbon enwetara bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka eriri carbon na-emepụta site na ikpo ọkụ dị elu, modul na-agbanwe nwere ike iru karịa 240GPA, na elongation na ezumike karịrị 1.5%, nke bụ ihe ịga nke ọma mbụ n'ụwa.
The eriri-dị ka ihe na-carbonized site electromagnetic ife, nke mere na carbonization ọkụ akụrụngwa eji maka elu okpomọkụ okpomọkụ adịghị mkpa. Usoro a ọ bụghị naanị na-ebelata oge achọrọ maka carbonization, kamakwa ọ na-ebelata ike oriri ma na-ebelata ikuku CO2.
3) njikwa mma nke usoro carbonization
Na Maachị 2014, Toray kwupụtara mmepe nke ọma nke t1100g carbon fiber. Toray na-eji teknụzụ ịgbagharị pan nke ọdịnala iji chịkwaa usoro carbonization nke ọma, melite microstructure nke carbon fiber na nanoscale, na-ejikwa graphite microcrystalline nghazi, nha microcrystalline, ntụpọ na ihe ndị ọzọ na eriri mgbe carbonization gasịrị, nke mere na ike na mgbanwe modulus nwere ike ka mma nke ukwuu. The tensile ike nke t1100g bụ 6.6GPa, nke bụ 12% elu karịa nke T800, na na-agbanwe modulus bụ 324GPa na mụbara site 10%, nke na-abanye na ulo oru ogbo.
4) Nkà na ụzụ ọgwụgwọ elu
Teijin East State arụpụtala teknụzụ ọgwụgwọ elu plasma nke ọma nke nwere ike ịchịkwa ọdịdị nke eriri carbon n'ime sekọnd ole na ole. Nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ a na-eme ka usoro mmepụta dum dị mfe ma na-ebelata oriri ume site na 50% ma e jiri ya tụnyere nkà na ụzụ ọgwụgwọ elu dị ugbu a maka ngwọta mmiri electrolyte. Ọzọkwa, mgbe ọgwụgwọ plasma gasịrị, a chọpụtara na adhesion nke eriri na resin matrix na-emekwa ka mma.
5) ọmụmụ banyere njide ọnụego nke carbon fiber tensile ike na elu okpomọkụ graphite gburugburu ebe obibi
Ningbo ihe ọma rụrụ a zuru ezu ọmụmụ na usoro analysis, Ọdịdị nnyocha na arụmọrụ njikarịcha nke anụ ụlọ elu ike na ogologo mode carbon eriri, karịsịa ọrụ nyocha na njigide ọnụego nke carbon fiber tensile ike na elu okpomọkụ graphite gburugburu ebe obibi, na-adịbeghị anya na-aga nke ọma nkwadebe nke elu ike na elu modulus carbon eriri na tensile ike 5.24GPa na tensile modulus olu 593GPa, Ọ na-aga n'ihu iji Japan ike iji tụnyere ike 593GPa. eriri carbon nke nwere ike dị elu nke ukwuu (ike ike 3.92GPa, modul tensile 588GPa).
6) Microwave Graphite
Yongda Advanced Materials ka ọma mepụtara United States nanị patent ultra-high okpomọkụ graphite technology, mmepụta nke ọkara na elu-iji carbon eriri, ọma mebiri site na atọ bottlenecks na mmepe nke elu-iji carbon eriri, graphite ngwá bụ oké ọnụ na n'okpuru mba akara, raw silk chemical technology siri ike, mmepụta na-amị ala na elu na-eri. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Yongda ewepụtala ụdị eriri carbon atọ, nke niile ebulila ike na modul nke eriri carbon mbụ dị obere obere ka ọ dị elu.
7) Usoro ohuru nke agbaze agbaze nke eriri carbon fiber raw waya sitere na Fraunhofer, Germany
The Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymers (Applied polymer Research, IAP) na nso nso a mara ọkwa na ọ ga-egosiputa ọhụrụ Comcarbon technology na Berlin Air Show Ila na April 2018 25, 29th. Nkà na ụzụ a na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa mmepụta nke eriri carbon nke ọtụtụ ihe na-emepụta.
Fig. 4 Raw waya agbaze spinning.
A maara nke ọma na n'ime usoro ọdịnala, ọkara nke mmepụta ego nke eriri carbon sitere na pan na-eri na usoro mmepụta waya. N'ihi enweghị ike nke raw waya na-agbaze, a ga-emepụta ya site na iji usoro ntụgharị ihe ngwọta dị oke ọnụ (Solution Spinning). "N'ime nke a, anyị na-mepụtara ọhụrụ usoro maka mmepụta nke pan dabeere raw silk, nke nwere ike ibelata mmepụta na-eri nke raw waya site 60%. Nke a bụ ihe aku na uba na ekwe omume agbaze spinning usoro, na-eji a pụrụ iche mepụtara fused pan dabeere copolymer. "Dr. Johannes Ganster, Minista nke Polymers biological na Fraunhofer IAP Institute, kọwara.
8) Nkà na ụzụ oxidation Plasma
4M Carbon fiber kwuputara na ọ ga-eji teknụzụ oxidation plasma rụpụta ma ree oke carbon fiber dị ọnụ ala dị ka atụmatụ elekwasị anya, ọ bụghị naanị inye ikike teknụzụ. 4M na-ekwu na teknụzụ oxidation plasma bụ ugboro atọ ngwa ngwa karịa teknụzụ oxidation oge ochie, ebe iji ike eme ihe na-erughị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke teknụzụ ọdịnala. Ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta eriri carbon nke mba ụwa kwadoro nkwupụta ndị a, bụ ndị na-agwa ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta eriri carbon kacha ukwuu n'ụwa na ndị na-emepụta ụgbọala ka ha sonye dị ka ndị na-ebute mmepụta nke eriri carbon dị ọnụ ala.
9) Cellulose Nano eriri
Mahadum Kyoto nke Japan, yana ọtụtụ ndị na-eweta ihe ndị dị mkpa dị ka ụlọ ọrụ nrụnye eletriki (onye na-ebubata Toyota kacha ukwuu) na Daikyonishikawa Corp., na-arụ ọrụ na mmepe nke ihe plastik na-ejikọta cellulose nanofibers, A na-eme ihe a site n'ịgbajisị osisi n'ime obere microns (1 kwa puku mm). Ibu nke ihe ọhụrụ ahụ bụ nanị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ ise nke ịdị arọ ígwè, ma ike ya ji okpukpu ise karịa ígwè.
10) carbon fiber n'ihu ozu nke polyolefin na lignin akụrụngwa
Ụlọ nyocha National Oak Ridge dị na United States na-arụ ọrụ na nyocha carbon fiber dị ọnụ ala kemgbe 2007, ma ha emepụtala carbon fiber front body maka polyolefin na lignin raw kayan, yana plasma pre-oxidation na microwave carbonization technology.
11) Emepụtara polymer ọhụrụ (polima precursor) site na iwepu ọgwụgwọ refractory
N'ime usoro mmepụta nke Mahadum Tokyo na-eduzi, emepụtara polymer ọhụrụ (polima precursor) iji wepụ ọgwụgwọ mgbagha. Isi ihe bụ na mgbe ọ gbasasịrị polymer n'ime silk, ọ naghị eme ọgwụgwọ refractory mbụ, kama ọ na-eme ka ọ oxidize na ihe mgbaze. A na-ekpo ọkụ ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa karịa 1000 ℃ maka carbonization. Oge ikpo ọkụ na-ewe naanị 2-3 nkeji. Mgbe ọgwụgwọ carbonization gasịrị, a na-ejikwa plasma na-eme ọgwụgwọ elu, nke mere na enwere ike ịme eriri carbon. Ọgwụgwọ Plasma na-ewe ihe na-erughị nkeji 2. N'ụzọ dị otú a, a pụrụ ibelata oge nrịbama mbụ nke nkeji 30-60 ruo ihe dị ka nkeji ise. N'ime usoro nrụpụta ọhụrụ, a na-eme ọgwụgwọ plasma iji meziwanye njikọ dị n'etiti eriri carbon na resin thermoplastic dị ka ihe ntọala CFRP. Igwe na-agbanwe agbanwe nke eriri carbon nke usoro nrụpụta ọhụrụ arụpụtara bụ 240GPa, ike tensile bụ 3.5GPa na elongation ruru 1.5%. Ụkpụrụ ndị a bụ otu ọkwa nke Toray Universal grade carbon fiber T300 eji eme ihe egwuregwu, wdg.
12) imegharị na itinye n'ọrụ nke ihe carbon fiber na-eji usoro akwa akwa mmiri
Mengran Meng, onye edemede mbụ nke ọmụmụ ahụ, kwuru, sị: "Mgbake carbon fiber na-ebelata mmetụta na gburugburu ebe obibi ma e jiri ya tụnyere raw carbon fiber mmepụta, ma e nwere oke mmata nke nwere ike recycling teknụzụ na aku na uba feasibility nke recycling carbon fiber itinye n'ọrụ. "Recycling na-ewe abụọ nkebi: na emep uta eri ga-ebu ụzọ nwetaghachi site na carbon fiber composites na thermally decomrated ma ọ bụ site n'iji mmiri egweri usoro. Ụzọ ndị a na-ewepụ akụkụ plastik nke ihe mejupụtara, na-ahapụ eriri carbon, nke nwere ike gbanwee ka ọ bụrụ eriri eriri eriri na-eji teknụzụ na-emepụta mmiri mmiri, ma ọ bụ hazigharịa ya na eriri ntụziaka.
Ndị nchọpụta ahụ gbakọrọ na enwere ike nwetaghachi eriri carbon site na carbon fiber composite wastes site na iji usoro ihe ndina na-edozi ahụ, na-achọ naanị 5 dollar / kg na ihe na-erughị 10% nke ike achọrọ iji mepụta eriri carbon bụ isi. Fibre carbon emegharịrị emegharịrị site na usoro ihe ndina mmiri anaghị ebelata modul, na ike tensile na-ebelata site na 18% ruo 50% n'ihe metụtara eriri carbon bụ isi, na-eme ka ha dabara maka ngwa chọrọ isi ike karịa ike. Meng kwuru, "Ụdị carbon carbon emegharịrị nwere ike dabara maka ngwa anaghị arụ ọrụ nke chọrọ ịdị arọ, dị ka ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala, ihe owuwu, ikuku na egwuregwu," Meng kwuru.
13) Nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ nke carbon fiber recycling mepụtara na United States
June 2016, ndị na-eme nchọpụta na Georgia Institute of Technology dị na United States tinye carbon eriri n'ime ihe mgbaze nwere mmanya na-agbari epoxy resin, ndị kewapụrụ emep uta eri na epoxy resins nwere ike ọzọ iji, na-aga nke ọma mmezu nke carbon eriri mgbake.
July 2017, Washington State University mekwara a carbon fiber mgbake technology, na-eji acid na-adịghị ike dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali, ojiji nke mmiri mmiri ethanol na dịtụ ala okpomọkụ decompose thermosetting ihe, decompose carbon fiber na resin na-echekwara iche iche, na ike tinye n'ime mmeputakwa.
14) Mmepe nke teknụzụ ink carbon fiber na-ebipụta 3D na ụlọ nyocha LLNL, USA
Na Machị 2017, Lawrence Livemore National Laboratory (LLNL) dị na United States mepụtara 3D mbụ ebipụtara arụmarụ dị elu, ihe mejupụtara eriri eriri ụgbọ elu. Ha jiri usoro obibi akwụkwọ 3D nke nnyefe ink ozugbo (DIW) mepụta ihe dị mgbagwoju anya akụkụ atọ nke kwalitere ọsọ nhazi nke ukwuu maka iji n'ime ụgbọ ala, ikuku ikuku, nchekwa, na asọmpi ọgba tum tum na sọfụ.
15) United States, Korea na China na-arụkọ ọrụ na mmepe nke carbon fiber maka ike ike
Na August 2017, ụlọ akwụkwọ Dallas nke Mahadum Texas, Mahadum Hanyang na Korea, Mahadum Nankai na China na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ jikọrọ aka na mmepe nke eriri yarn carbon maka ọgbọ ike. A na-ebu ụzọ tinye yarn ahụ na ngwọta electrolyte dị ka brine, na-ekwe ka ions dị na electrolyte na-etinye aka na elu nke carbon nanotubes, nke nwere ike ịghọ ike eletrik mgbe a na-agbatị ma ọ bụ gbatịa yarn. Enwere ike iji ihe ahụ mee ihe n'ebe ọ bụla nwere ike kinetic a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ma dị mma maka inye ike na sensọ IoT.
16) Ọganihu ọhụrụ na nyocha nke osisi lignin carbon fiber nwetara site na China na American n'otu n'otu
Na March 2017, ndị pụrụ iche eriri otu Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology na engineering kwadebere a lignin-acrylonitrile copolymer na ezi spinnability na thermal kwụsie ike site na iji esterification na free radical copolymerization abụọ-nzọụkwụ mgbanwe technology. A na-enweta filament na-aga n'ihu dị elu site na iji copolymer na usoro ntụgharị mmiri mmiri, a natakwara eriri carbon kọmpat mgbe nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ na ọgwụgwọ carbonization gasịrị.
N'August 2017, ndị ọrụ nyocha Birgitte ahring na Mahadum Washington dị na United States jikọtara lignin na polyacrylonitrile n'ụzọ dị iche iche, wee jiri teknụzụ ịgbaze agbaze mee ka polymers agwakọta ghọọ carbon fibers. Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ chọpụtara na lignin agbakwunyere na 20% ~ 30% emetụtaghị ike nke carbon fiber ma na-atụ anya na a ga-eji ya na-emepụta ihe ndị dị ọnụ ala carbon fiber maka ụgbọ ala ma ọ bụ ụgbọ elu.
Na njedebe nke 2017, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) wepụtara nyocha banyere mmepụta nke acrylonitrile na-eji akụkụ ihe ọkụkụ, dị ka ahịhịa ọka na ọka wit. Ha na-ebu ụzọ kụwaa ihe osisi ka ọ bụrụ shuga wee gbanwee ha ka ọ bụrụ acid, wee jikọta ya na ihe na-akpata ọnụ ala iji mepụta ngwaahịa ndị e lekwasịrị anya.
17) Japan na-emepụta chassis ụgbọ ala nke mbụ na-eme ka eriri carbon sie ike
October 2017, Japan ọhụrụ ike ụlọ ọrụ technology integrated R & amp; d Agency na Nagoya University National Composites Research Center rụpụtara nke ọma n'ụwa nke mbụ carbon fiber mesiri thermoplastic composite ụgbọ ala chassis. Ha na-eji akpaka ogologo eriri na-emesi ike thermoplastic composites na-eduzi usoro ịkpụzi ntanetị, eriri carbon na-aga n'ihu na ngwakọta resin thermoplastic, na-emepụta fiber na-eme ka ihe mejupụtara ya sie ike, wee site na njikọ kpo oku na agbaze, mmepụta nke ọma nke thermoplastic CFRP chassis ụgbọ ala.
5. aro na R & D nke carbon fiber technology na China
5.1 Nhazi ihu n'ihu, gbadoro ụkwụ na ebumnuche, lekwasị anya na imebi ọgbọ nke atọ nke teknụzụ fiber carbon.
China nke abụọ ọgbọ carbon eriri nkà na ụzụ bụ ma a keukwu itunanya, mba anyị kwesịrị ịgbalị na-atụ-na-achọ okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu nke ga-eme ka ọnụ top elu anyị dị mkpa nnyocha ụlọ ọrụ, lekwasịrị anya na ijide nke isi teknụzụ, na-elekwasị anya nke ọgbọ nke atọ nke elu-arụmọrụ carbon eriri nkwadebe technology nnyocha na mmepe (ie ọdabara na aerospace elu ike, elu ndokwa carbon fiber technology), na carbon fiber mejupụtara ndị ọzọ na nkà na ụzụ, na carbon fiber composite mepụtara, na ihe na-emepụta ihe na-arụ ọrụ ọkụ, na nkà na ụzụ nke carbon fiber. Nkwadebe carbon fiber buru ibu dị ọnụ ala, teknụzụ mmepụta ihe mgbakwunye carbon fiber composite, teknụzụ imegharị ihe na teknụzụ prototyping ngwa ngwa.
5.2 nhazi nhazi, na-ewusi nkwado ike, guzobe nnukwu oru ngo iji kwado nyocha imekọ ihe ọnụ
Ugbu a, e nwere ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ebu carbon eriri nnyocha na China, ma ike na-agbasasị, na ọ dịghị n'otu R & amp; d usoro nhazi na nkwado ego siri ike maka nhazi nke ọma. Na-ekpe ikpe site na ahụmahụ mmepe nke mba ndị dị elu, nhazi na nhazi nke nnukwu ọrụ na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu n'ịkwalite mmepe nke ọrụ nkà na ụzụ a. Anyị kwesịrị ilekwasị anya na China Advantage R & amupu; d Force, na echiche nke China si carbon eriri itunanya R & amp; d technology ịmalite isi oru ngo, ike imekọ ihe ọhụrụ nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ, na mgbe niile na-akwalite China si carbon fiber nnyocha technology larịị, asọmpi maka mba ụwa carbon eriri na mejupụtara.
5.3 Imelite usoro nleba anya nke ngwa mmetụta nghazi nke mmezu teknụzụ
Site na echiche nke econometric analysis nke SCI akwụkwọ, China si carbon fiber dị ka a elu-ike arụmọrụ ihe eji na dị iche iche ubi nke nnyocha, ma n'ihi na carbon fiber mmepụta na nkwadebe technology, karịsịa na-elekwasị anya na mbenata ụgwọ, melite mmepụta arụmọrụ nke obere nnyocha. Carbon fiber mmepụta usoro bụ ogologo, technology isi ihe, elu mmepụta ihe mgbochi, bụ a multi-ịdọ aka ná ntị, multi-technology mwekota, mkpa imebi site teknuzu mgbochi, n'ụzọ dị irè na-akwalite "obere ọnụ ahịa, elu arụmọrụ" isi nkwadebe technology nnyocha na mmepe, n'otu aka ahụ, mkpa iji wusie ike nyocha ego, n'aka nke ọzọ, mkpa na-ebelata ubi nke nkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ nyocha nke ngwa, na-ewusi mmetụta nke nkà na ụzụ na-arụ ọrụ na nkà na ụzụ, na-eme ka ọ dị elu ubi nke nkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ nyocha, na-ewusi mmetụta nke nkà na ụzụ nyocha. Nyocha "quantitative", nke na-eleba anya na mbipụta nke akwụkwọ ahụ, na nyocha "mma" nke uru nke nsonaazụ.
5.4 Ịkwalite nkà na ụzụ teknụzụ dị elu
The elu-tech àgwà nke carbon eriri technology na-ekpebi mkpa nke pụrụ iche talent, ma ha nwere ọnwụ-ọnụ isi oru pesonel ozugbo na-ekpebi larịị nke R & amp; D nke ụlọ ọrụ.
N'ihi nke carbon fiber technology R & D njikọ, anyị kwesịrị ịṅa ntị na ọzụzụ nke onyinye ndị ọrụ, iji hụ na nhazi na mmepe nke niile njikọ. Ke adianade do, si mmepe akụkọ ihe mere eme nke carbon fiber nnyocha na China, eruba nke technology isi ọkachamara bụ mgbe a isi ihe na-emetụta R & amp; d larịị nke ụlọ ọrụ nyocha. Ịnọgide na-enwe fixation nke isi ọkachamara na R & amp; d otu na mmepụta usoro, composites na isi ngwaahịa dị mkpa maka na-aga n'ihu technology upgrades.
Anyị kwesịrị ịnọgide na-ewusi ọzụzụ na ojiji nke pụrụ iche elu-tech pesonel a ubi, melite nwale na ọgwụgwọ amụma maka Technology R & amp; d talent, ike cultivation nke na-eto eto talent, na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-akwado imekọ ihe ọnụ na mgbanwe na mba ọzọ elu R & amp; d ụlọ ọrụ, na ike ewebata nkà mmụta dị elu nke mba ọzọ, wdg. Nke a ga-ekere òkè dị ukwuu n'ịkwalite mmepe nke nchọpụta fiber carbon na China.
Ekwuru site na-
Nyocha banyere mmepe nke teknụzụ carbon fiber zuru ụwa ọnụ na nghọta ya nye China. Tian Yajuan,Zhang Zhiqiang,Tao Cheng,Yang ming,Ba jin,Chen Yunwei.World Sci-Tech R&D.2018
Oge nzipu: Dec-04-2018