Lokacin Beijing 12 ga Agusta 3:31 PM, na'urar gano tarihi ta Park Sun (Parker Solar Probe) a Cape Canaveral Air Force Base slc-37b harba manyan rokoki Delta 4. Bayan jirgin na mintuna 43, duk da cewa lokacin ya sami mataki na uku na hasarar da ake zargi da yin hasarar wannan lokacin mai ban sha'awa, abin farin ciki shi ne na ƙarshe a kusa da bacewar, Parker detector ya samu nasarar rabuwa da roka, ya kafa ƙafa a kan doguwar hanya zuwa rana, kuma ta haka ne ya buɗe sabon tafiya na binciken ɗan adam na rana!
Rana Gano
Kaddamar da wurin
Don ƙirƙirar rikodin duniya don isa wuri mafi kusa a cikin rana, mutane dole ne su nemo kayan da za su iya jure yanayin matsanancin zafi da ba a taɓa gani ba. Ana iya cewa idan babu tsarin kariya ta thermal (TPS), babu Parker. A cewar shirin, Parker zai shiga mil miliyan 4 daga saman rana (kilomita miliyan 6.11). Domin daidaitawa da wannan yanayi mai tsananin zafi, na'urar ganowa zata ɗauki garkuwar zafi mai haɗaka, dome ɗin zai jure hasken rana. Ba a iya yin garkuwar zafi shekaru 10 da suka wuce.
Idan kai tauraron dan adam mai murabba'in mita 1 ne a cikin kewayar duniya, kuma makamashin rana ya kai watts 1350 don isa gare ka, amma Parker ya kusan sau 25 kusa da wannan matsayi, wanda kusan watts 850,000 na zafi a kowace murabba'in mita. Idan an ƙidaya yankin, binciken hasken rana na Parker dole ne ya jure kusan watts miliyan 3 na makamashi. Garkuwar zafi mai ganowa kuma ana kiranta da Tsarin Kariya na Thermal (TPS), wanda ya ƙunshi yadudduka masu haɗaɗɗun haɓakar carbon guda biyu da kumfa carbon tare da matsakaita na kusan inci 4.5 (11.43cm). Garkuwar zafi da ke fuskantar Rana kuma tana da wani fari na musamman don nuna kuzari daga rana gwargwadon iko. Wannan abu yana da juriya ga 2,500 digiri Fahrenheit (kimanin 1371 ℃) kuma yana tabbatar da cewa kayan aiki yana aiki a kimanin digiri 85 Fahrenheit (kimanin 30 ℃).
"Idan wannan aikin ya kasance a cikin 60's zuwa 70's, ko da lokacin da aka tura shi a cikin 80's, yana yiwuwa a tashi da ƙananan ƙarfe masu zafi," in ji Driesman. "Masana kimiyya za su gina wani karfe Jerdon tare da wani wuri mai narkewa sosai, amma ba za su aika zuwa sama ba, saboda karfe yana da nauyi sosai. "Ba kamar yawancin nau'in carbon fibers na kasuwanci ba, tsarin su na carbon-carbon ba a polymerized ta hanyar hardening resins saboda taurin resins yana ƙafe kusa da rana kamar mai a kan hanyoyi masu zafi, "in ji shi. Don yin garkuwar zafi, NASA ta cika resin carbon, sa'an nan kuma ta sanya shi a cikin resin resin tare da "yankakken resin". 3,000-digiri tanda, kuma maimaita tsari sau 4 zuwa 5 "A ƙarshe za ku sami fiber carbon da ke nannade ku. Tsarin carbon-carbon da muke magana akai shine carbon mai tsabta, wanda ba shi da resins da sauran abubuwa. "Bangaren gaba da baya na garkuwar zafin rana an yi su ne da wannan farantin carbon-carbon, wanda baya ga sanyawa, yana da ƙarfin injina sosai." Yadudduka 2 na zanen carbon-carbon suna da sirara don tanƙwara har ma da zoba. A tsakiyar wani nau'in carbon-carbon mai Layer biyu, Layer na kusan inci 4.5 na kumfa carbon, wanda a yanzu ake amfani da shi a masana'antar likitanci don ƙirƙirar madadin ƙasusuwa. Zane-zanen sanwici yana haɓaka duka tsarin-kamar kwali mai ƙwanƙwasa-wanda nauyinsa kawai fam 160 (kimanin 73kg) ga ɗaukacin garkuwar zafi mai kauri mai ƙafa 8.
Kumfa kuma shine mafi mahimmancin tsarin aikin kariya na garkuwar zafi. Amma kashi 97% na kumfa carbon iska ne, domin a kara rage nauyin binciken sararin samaniya. Carbon da kansa yana da zafin jiki, kuma tsarin kumfa kuma yana nufin cewa babu zafi mai yawa da za a iya watsawa. Kumfa ba su da sauƙin gwadawa, suna da rauni sosai. Amma akwai wata matsala. "Idan suka yi zafi sai su kone." "In ji Habila. Konewa ba babbar matsala ba ce a cikin wani wuri, amma sauran iska a cikin gwajin zai sa kumfa su ƙone cikin gawayi. Saboda haka, National Oak Ridge Laboratory Engineers tare da high-zazzabi plasma arc fitilu don gwada zafi garkuwar wadannan carbon kumfa high zafin jiki juriya. The thermal rufi na wadannan carbon kumfa shi kadai ba zai iya tabbatar da zafin jiki ba. tarwatsewa a sararin samaniya, hanyar da za a iya watsar da zafi ita ce ta watsar da haske da fitar da zafi a cikin nau'i na photons don haka, ana buƙatar wani Layer na kariya: ana amfani da farar kariya don nuna zafi da haske.
Tsarin tsarin garkuwar zafin rana na Parker Solar Detector
Don wannan karshen, da Applied Physics Laboratory a Johns Hopkins University da Advanced Technology Laboratory na Whiting School of Engineering (Advanced Technology Laboratory a Johns Hopkins University 's whiting School Engineering) ya kafa wata tawagar gwani teams na thermal insulating shafi super alatu teams, tare da tawagar bincike ɗaukar hoto na high-zazzabi tukwane, sinadaran da kuma plasma spraying coatings. Ta hanyar ƙarin gwaji, ƙungiyar a ƙarshe ta zaɓi farin Layer na kariya dangane da alumina. Amma za a yi launin toka mai kariyar a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi tare da motsin carbon, don haka injiniyoyi sun kara wani Layer na tungsten zuwa tsakiya, wanda ya fi gashin gashi, kuma an rufe shi a tsakanin garkuwar zafi da farin garkuwa don hana mu'amala tsakanin yadudduka biyu. Har ila yau, suna ƙara wakili na nano-doping don sa garkuwar ta yi fari da kuma hana haɓakar zafin jiki na alumina. Dennis Nagle, babban injiniyan bincike a Cibiyar Kimiyyar Fasaha da Injiniya, ya ce yawanci lokacin amfani da yumbu, an fi son abin rufe fuska mai tsauri, amma abin yana karya lokacin da aka buga shi da guduma. A yanayin zafin da Parker ke fuskanta, suturar santsi ta karye kamar taga da dutse ya buge. Sabili da haka, har ma da sutura mai laushi na iya jure wa wannan matsanancin yanayi. Lokacin da tsagewar ta faru a cikin suturar ƙura, tsagewar ta tsaya lokacin da suka isa ramukan. Rubutun ya ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i masu girma dabam-dabam-isa don ba da damar rukunin barbashi na yumbu don nuna hasken da ya ɓace daga wani Layer.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-15-2018