Ixesha laseBeijing ngo-Agasti 12 3:31 PM, i-Historic Park Sun detector (Parker Solar Probe) eCape Canaveral Air Force Base slc-37b yasungulwa kancinci ngeDelta 4 rockets ezinzima. Emva kwemizuzu engama-43 yokubhabha, nangona ixesha lifumene inqanaba lesithathu lokurhanelwa kwelahleko yomzuzu ochulumancisayo, ngethamsanqa yeyona ndawo ikufutshane, iParker detector yahlulwe ngempumelelo kwirokethi, yabeka unyawo kwindlela ende eya elangeni, yaza ke yavula uhambo olutsha lokuphononongwa kwabantu ilanga!
I-Sun detector
Qalisa indawo
Ukudala irekhodi yehlabathi ukufikelela kwindawo ekufutshane elangeni, abantu kufuneka bafumane izixhobo ezinokumelana namazinga angazange abonwe ngaphambili amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Kunokuthiwa ukuba akukho nkqubo yokukhusela i-thermal (TPS), akukho Parker. Ngokwesicwangciso, uParker uya kungena kwi-4 yezigidi zeekhilomitha ukusuka kwindawo yelanga (i-6.11 yezigidi zeekhilomitha). Ukuze uziqhelanise nale meko ishushu kakhulu, umtshina uya kuthwala isikhuselo sobushushu esihlanganisiweyo, idome iya kumelana nelanga. Ikhuselo lobushushu lalingenakwenziwa kwiminyaka eyi-10 eyadlulayo.
Ukuba uyi-1 square metre yesathelayithi kumjikelezo woMhlaba, kwaye amandla elanga amalunga ne-1350 watts ukufikelela kuwe, kodwa uParker ukufutshane ngokuphindwe ka-25 kunale ndawo, emalunga nama-850,000 eewathi zobushushu kwisikwere semitha. Ukuba ummandla ubaliwe, iParker's solar probe kufuneka imelane malunga nezigidi ezi-3 zeewatts zamandla. Isikhuselo sobushushu sesixhobo sikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Thermal Protection System (TPS), equlathe iileya ezimbini ze-carbon-enhanced composite kunye ne-carbon foam ene-clamp ephakathi emalunga ne-4.5 intshi (11.43cm). Ikhuselo lobushushu elijongene neLanga nalo linengubo ekhethekileyo emhlophe ebonisa amandla avela elangeni kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Esi sixhobo simelana ne-2,500 degrees Fahrenheit (malunga ne-1371 ℃) kwaye siqinisekisa ukuba isixhobo sisebenza malunga ne-85 degrees Fahrenheit (malunga ne-30 ℃).
"Ukuba lo msebenzi wawukwi-60 ukuya kwi-70, nangona xa usasazwa kwi-80, kunokwenzeka ukubhabha izinyithi eziphezulu ezikwazi ukumelana nobushushu," kusho uDriesman. "Izazinzulu ziya kwakha i-Jerdon yentsimbi kunye neqondo eliphezulu kakhulu lokunyibilika, kodwa ungalokothi uyithumele ezulwini, kuba isinyithi sinzima kakhulu. "Ngokungafaniyo neyona micu yekhabhoni yorhwebo, isakhiwo sabo se-carbon-carbon asiyiyo i-polymerized yi-resin ezilukhuni ngenxa yokuba i-resins eqiniweyo iyaphuphuma kufuphi nelanga njengeoli kwiindawo ezishushu zendlela, "watsho. Ukwenza ikhuselo lobushushu", lizalise i-carbon resin, i-NASA igcwalisa i-fiber ye-fiber, i-resin ye-NASA igcwalisa i-resin enzima kwi-oveni ye-3,000-degree, kwaye iphinda inkqubo ka-4 ukuya kumaxesha ama-5 "Ekugqibeleni uya kufumana i-carbon fiber ejikeleze wena. Isakhiwo sekhabhoni-khabhoni esithetha ngayo yikhabhoni ecocekileyo, engenazo iirasi kunye nezinye izinto. "Amacala angaphambili nangasemva kwesikhuselo se-thermal ayenziwe ngeli cwecwe le-carbon-carbon, leyo, ngaphezu kokuba i-insulated, inamandla amakhulu kakhulu omatshini." Iileyiti ezi-2 zamaphepha ekhabhoni-carbon zibhityile ngokwaneleyo ukuba zigobe kwaye zide zidlulelane. Embindini wezinto ezimbini zekhabhoni-khabhoni, umqolo omalunga ne-4.5 intshi ye-carbon foam, ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini lezonyango ukwenza amanye amathambo. Uyilo lwesangweji luxhasa lonke ulwakhiwo-njengekhadibhodi ekalisiweyo-enobunzima nje obungama-160 eeponti (malunga ne-73kg) kwikhaka lobushushu elipheleleyo le-8-foot-thick.
Igwebu likwalelona sakhiwo sibalulekileyo somsebenzi wokugquma ikhaka le-thermal. Kodwa i-97% ye-carbon bubble ngumoya, ukwenzela ukunciphisa ngakumbi ubunzima be-space probes. Ikhabhoni ngokwayo i-thermal conductive, kwaye isakhiwo se-foam sikwathetha ukuba akukho bushushu obuninzi obunokuhanjiswa. I-Bubbles ayilulanga ukuvavanya, i-brittle kakhulu. Kodwa kukho enye ingxaki. "Xa zishushu, ziyatsha." "Utshilo uAbel. Ukutshisa akuyona ingxaki enkulu kwi-vacuum, kodwa umoya oseleyo kuvavanyo uya kubangela ukuba amaqamza atshise abe ngamalahle. Ngoko ke, iiNjineli zeNational Oak Ridge Laboratory zinezibane eziphezulu zobushushu be-plasma arc ukuvavanya ikhuselo lobushushu lale carbon foam ukuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu. Ukufakelwa kwe-thermal efunekayo kukuqinisekisa ukuba i-carbon foams ifuna umsebenzi wodwa. akukho ukuchithwa komoya endaweni, indlela yodwa yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kukusabalalisa ukukhanya kunye nokukhupha ukushisa ngendlela yeefotoni Ngoko ke, enye ingqimba yokukhusela iyadingeka: umgca wokukhusela omhlophe usetyenziselwa ukubonakalisa ukushisa nokukhanya.
I-Parker Solar Detector ye-thermal shield isakhiwo sesicwangciso somzobo
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Applied Physics Laboratory kwiYunivesithi yaseJohns Hopkins kunye neLebhu yeTekhnoloji ePhezulu yeWhiting School of Engineering (Advanced Technology Laboratory in Johns Hopkins University 's whiting School Engineering) iye yaseka iqela lamaqela eengcaphephe ze-thermal insulating coating super luxury, kunye neqela lokugubungela i-high-temperature yekheramics yobushushu, ukutshiza iiplasma zeekhemikhali. Ngovavanyo olongezelelweyo, ekugqibeleni iqela lakhetha umaleko omhlophe wokukhusela ngokusekelwe kwi-alumina. Kodwa umaleko okhuselayo uya kuba ngwevu kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu ngokusabela kwekhabhoni, ngoko ke iinjineli zongeza umaleko we-tungsten embindini, obhityileyo kunonwele, kwaye ugqunywe phakathi kwekhuselo lobushushu kunye nekhaka elimhlophe ukuthintela ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamaleko omabini. Baye bongeza i-agent ye-nano-doping ukwenza izihlangu zibe mhlophe kwaye zithintele ukwanda kwe-thermal ye-alumina particles. UDennis Nagle, injineli eyintloko yophando kwiZiko leSayensi yeNzululwazi kunye nobunjineli, wathi ngokuqhelekileyo xa usebenzisa i-ceramics, i-coat eqinile, i-porous iyakhethwa, kodwa i-material iyaphuka xa ibethelwa ngehamile. Kwiqondo lobushushu ajongene nalo uParker, isambatho esigudileyo siyaphuka njengefestile ebethelwe ngamatye. Ngoko ke, kwanezigqubuthelo ezinamazinyo ziyakwazi ukumelana nale meko inzima. Xa iintanda zivela kwimingxondorha, iintanda ziyayeka xa zifika kwimingxuma. Ukwaleka kuqulathe iileya ezininzi ezirhabaxa zegranular-ezaneleyo ukuvumela iqela lamasuntswana e-ceramic ukuba abonise ukukhanya okungekho komnye umaleko.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-15-2018